技术的飞速发展和产业的不断变革为工程教育的改革提出了新的要求和挑战，也促进了新工科建设理念的生成。在土木工程领域人才的全过程培养进程中，教学与实践的有机结合可以实现激发学生创新思维、提升工程实践能力和培养专业综合素养。针对土力学课程教学中关于土工测试环节存在的问题，组织相关科研方向的研究生和正在学习该知识点的本科生，自主研发了一套微型三轴仪作为随堂教具并运用于教学实践，旨在优化教学模式、加强课堂互动。微型三轴仪体积小、重量轻、便于携带，可模拟实际三轴仪的固结、剪切和控制排水条件等功能，有助于学生掌握不同类型常规三轴压缩试验的关键操作步骤，直观地体会有效应力决定土的强度和变形特性，激发学生学习热情，培养综合实践能力，提升课堂教学效果。基于理论知识掌握与实践能力提升的导向，对岩土工程教育过程中的理论和实验教学改革进行了探索与实践。以教学促进实践，以开发促进研究，打通了不同阶段的专业知识衔接，通过仪器研制和课堂反馈夯实专业理论知识，构建了本研学生协同联动的实践型教学模式，探讨了微型设备类教具在研发过程中的难点，实现了专业能力高、创新思维强的人才培养。

The rapid development of technology and the continuous transformation of industry have put forward new requirements and challenges for the reform of engineering education, while the concept of emerging engineering construction has been proposed. Especially in the whole process of talent cultivation in the field of civil engineering, the combination of teaching and practice can stimulate innovative thinking, improve engineering practice ability, and cultivate professional comprehensive quality of students. Aiming at the problems in geotechnical testing, which is a part of the course of soil mechanics, a portable miniature soil triaxial apparatus is developed and applied in the class in order to optimize teaching mode, strengthen classroom interaction by organizing graduate students of relevant scientific research direction and undergraduate students who are learning this knowledge points. Due to the small size, light weight and portability of the triaxial apparatus, as well as it can simulate the consolidation, shearing and drainage control functions of an actual triaxial apparatus, using it in the theoretical course is helpful for students to master the key operation steps of different types of triaxial tests. Students can better master the testing method and process of the triaxial test, understand the effective stress principle more intuitively and vividly, and enhance the knowledge related in the course of soil mechanics. Intuitively understanding the important principle that effective stress determines the strength and deformation characteristics of soil can stimulate the learning enthusiasm of students, improve their comprehensive practical ability, and effectively improve the teaching effect of related content in soil mechanics courses. Based on the purpose of learning the theoretical knowledge and improving practical ability, the reform of theory classroom and experiment teaching in the course of geotechnical engineering is explored and practiced. While the teaching promotes the practice, the development of this equipment promotes research. It can be a good method to build the bridge between knowledge in different stages. Through the equipment development and classroom feedback, the professional theoretical knowledge can be strengthened. Meanwhile, by constructing the practical teaching mode of undergraduate-graduate collaboration, and discussing the difficulties in the research and development of teaching AIDS of micro equipment, the professional talents with high professional ability and strong innovative thinking can be cultivated.

TU41;G484

同济大学第十五期实验教学改革专项基金项目