The rapid development of technology and the continuous transformation of industry have put forward new requirements and challenges for the reform of engineering education, while the concept of emerging engineering construction has been proposed. Especially in the whole process of talent cultivation in the field of civil engineering, the combination of teaching and practice can stimulate innovative thinking, improve engineering practice ability, and cultivate professional comprehensive quality of students. Aiming at the problems in geotechnical testing, which is a part of the course of soil mechanics, a portable miniature soil triaxial apparatus is developed and applied in the class in order to optimize teaching mode, strengthen classroom interaction by organizing graduate students of relevant scientific research direction and undergraduate students who are learning this knowledge points. Due to the small size, light weight and portability of the triaxial apparatus, as well as it can simulate the consolidation, shearing and drainage control functions of an actual triaxial apparatus, using it in the theoretical course is helpful for students to master the key operation steps of different types of triaxial tests. Students can better master the testing method and process of the triaxial test, understand the effective stress principle more intuitively and vividly, and enhance the knowledge related in the course of soil mechanics. Intuitively understanding the important principle that effective stress determines the strength and deformation characteristics of soil can stimulate the learning enthusiasm of students, improve their comprehensive practical ability, and effectively improve the teaching effect of related content in soil mechanics courses. Based on the purpose of learning the theoretical knowledge and improving practical ability, the reform of theory classroom and experiment teaching in the course of geotechnical engineering is explored and practiced. While the teaching promotes the practice, the development of this equipment promotes research. It can be a good method to build the bridge between knowledge in different stages. Through the equipment development and classroom feedback, the professional theoretical knowledge can be strengthened. Meanwhile, by constructing the practical teaching mode of undergraduate-graduate collaboration, and discussing the difficulties in the research and development of teaching AIDS of micro equipment, the professional talents with high professional ability and strong innovative thinking can be cultivated.