岩土工程是一门理论与实践结合非常紧密的课程,教学内容涉及边坡工程、地下工程、工程岩体等复杂“立体式”结构,传统“平面式”教学的效果往往不佳,学生难以具体且形象地掌握边坡或地下等复杂工程的结构特征。针对这一难题,开展了结合虚拟场景和3D打印技术的“虚-实结合”的教学方法和平台建设的探索,并结合岩土工程实例在课程教学中进行了实践。实践表明：基于该平台的教学方法提升了传统的“平面式”教学模式,在轻松安全的课程环境中,学生可以在虚拟场景学习实际岩土工程的复杂结构,有效地解决了学生进行现场考察面临的成本高、周期长、潜在风险高等不利问题,而且激发了学生的学习兴趣；通过3D打印技术,将虚拟场景和数字模型进行实体化,培养了学生的实际动手能力和创新思维,有利于岩土工程类课程的教学质量和学生综合素质的培养,同时在新工科建设要求背景下,可为学生课外创新性试验等活动提供平台,形成了教研相长、良性互动的局面。

Geotechnical engineering (GE) is a disipline with a tight combination of theory and practice. The GE contains many complex stereometric aspects, such as slope engineering, undergound engineering, engineeering rock mass. Traditional two-dimentinal teaching could not give an efficiently introduction. The mentioned contents can not be easilily accepted by the students. To solve the problem, a “Virtuality-Reality” teaching approach and platform combining the virtual reality and 3D printing technique was proposed and practiced. It was found that the proposed teaching method could stimulate the learning interest of students. The students could learn about the complex structures about GE in an easy and safe circumstance, which solved the negative issues such as high cost, long period or potential danger. By using the 3D printing technique, the teaching quality of GE was effectively improved and the abilities of practice and innovative of students were also cultivated. The proposed teaching approach can also provide a efficient platform for extra-curricular innovative activities with the requirement of new engineering construction, which make a better collaboration of teaching and scientific research.

北京科技大学2017年度教育教学改革与研究项目（JG2017M03）,国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（51604017）