针对土木工程专业结构力学课程涵盖面广、理论性强、内容抽象、应用灵活的特点,探索形成了一套以模块化知识单元为主线的“3W3E”教学法。该教学法包含Why、What、How、Evolution、Examples、Engineering等六个教学模块,分别从目的意义、概念原理、方法步骤、发展历程、例题训练、工程应用等角度对相关知识方法进行讲授,具有层次循序渐进、内容各有侧重、功能互为补充的特点。以力法为例,对“3W3E”教学法的实施过程和教案细节进行了完整介绍。实践表明,“3W3E”教学法可以有效提升学生的学习兴趣,加强学生对抽象力学知识的理解,同时帮助学生在熟练掌握相关分析方法和解题技巧的基础上,拓宽对实际工程应用的认知。

Considering the wide-ranging, abstract, theoretical, and flexible contents of structural mechanics in civil engineering, a teaching method named “3W3E” is proposed by taking the modular knowledge units as clues. In “3W3E” teaching method, six modules of Why, What, How, Evolution, Examples, and Engineering are adopted, by which the significance, basic concepts, analysis procedures, historical developments, calculation training, and engineering applications of the knowledge point or approach are respectively introduced. The proposed method has the distinct characteristics of progressive levels, emphasized contents, and complementary functions. Practices show that the “3W3E” teaching method can improve the learning initiative of students so that the abstract knowledge can be well understood, and can help students to apply the problem-solving skills more proficiently and to widen their engineering cognition.