In order to study the basic mechanical properties of different types of hollow bars made of bamboo strips or bamboo skin commonly used in the structural design contest for college students, and to select the appropriate section size for the model making of competitors, 123 pieces of samples made of bamboo skin with size of 0.2mm, 0.35mm, 0.5mm and bamboo strip with size of 2*2mm , 3*3 mm with 100 mm in length were made. The ultimate bearing capacity of hollow bar with different side length was tested by electronic pressure testing machine. And its failure form, load mass ratio and ratio of experimental and theoretical values were analyzed. The test results show that the single-layer bamboo skin component is mainly cracked by edges and corners. And the double-layer bamboo skin component is mainly damaged by bending; The composite component of bamboo skin and bamboo strip can avoid the above two kinds of damage forms; The single-layer bamboo skin component with 0.5mm in depth and 10 mm in width has a higher ultimate bearing capacity. However, the ultimate bearing capacity can be reduced by 50% due to manual manufacturing; The load mass ratio of the 0.5 mm double-layer bamboo skin component is the largest, up to 400 N/g; The ultimate bearing capacity of the composite component of bamboo skin and bamboo strip is about 1000 N. And the load mass ratio is between 300~450 N/g, which is not much different from that of the double-layer bamboo skin. The reduction of bearing capacity due to manual manufacturing is small. It is suitable for structures with large stress.