The improvement of scientific research quality is an important goal of postgraduate cultivation in universities. With the development of information technology, postgraduate education has been deeply integrated with big data，massive scientific data has gradually become a basic tool and information source for scientific research, and it also provides opportunities for academic misconduct. How to promote the development of education under the wave of big data, steadily improve students' data literacy and scientific research quality, and master the challenges of the fourth paradigm has become an urgent problem to be solved. This article focuses on the analysis of the changes in the learning methods and scientific research methods of college students in the era of big data. It specifically studies the huge impact of big data on the cultivation of graduate students’ scientific research quality from the aspects of teaching mode and scientific research methods. It also analyzes the impact of diversified data. Including issues such as intellectual property rights and scientific research ethics. In view of the unique application of big data in the field of education, this article puts forward suggestions for the cultivation of graduate students’ scientific research quality: (1) Adopting a training model that combines online and offline with the trend of the times; (2) Universities should focus on building databases, and consider cooperating with professional data companies; (3) Focus on improving students' data processing capabilities; (4) Cultivate students' application of emerging technologies; (5) Strengthen the cultivation of research ethics for graduate students.