土木工程结构试验是是土木专业的重要专业课程,按材料主要分为钢结构和混凝土结构两部分。针对当前钢结构部分试验教学存在重理论轻实践、试验内容少、无法加强理论教学效果、学生动手实践环节少等不足,分析了导致不足的原因并从教学方法、教学内容等方面进行教学改革探索。在教学方法方面,强调了学生自主性试验、以及利用社交信息平台增加师生互动环节等。在教学内容方面,提出将钢梁受弯试验从演示性试验改为学生自主设计的破坏性试验,以增强理论教学效果——如对梁的整体失稳、局部板件屈曲等概念的理解；此外,提出在整体结构试验中增加将构件装配成整体结构的实践环节。教学改革的目的在于提高钢结构的试验教学质量,进而提高钢结构理论和课程设计实践的教学效果,为强化学生的动手能力、工程能力和创新能力的培养提供参考。

For civil engineering, civil engineering structure experiment is a very important professional course, which divided into two parts: steel structure experiment and concrete structure experiment. The main shortcomings in the part of steel structure experiment including focusing on theory and neglecting practice, lack of experimental content, inability to strengthen the theoretical teaching effect, and few practical links for students. The reasons for the shortcomings are analyzed, and teaching reforms are explored in terms of teaching methods and teaching content. In terms of teaching methods, student autonomy experiments was emphasized, and teacher-student interaction was increased by the use of social information platforms. In terms of teaching content, it is proposed to change the steel beam bending test from a demonstrative test to a destructive test designed by students. The destructive test can enhance the theoretical teaching effect, e.g., improve the understanding of partial plate buckling and overall instability of the beam. In addition, the practice of assembling the steel components into the overall steel structure in the test was also proposed. The purpose of the teaching reform is to improve the quality of steel structure test teaching, and then improve the teaching effect of steel structure theory and curriculum design practice. The paper also provides a reference for strengthening students" practical ability, engineering ability and innovation ability training.

TU317