目前国内外多本钢结构设计规范将直接分析法推荐为首选方法，但钢结构系列课程教材及教学内容相对陈旧，与现行规范及学科前沿发展脱节。基于此，围绕直接分析法，对钢结构系列课程及实践教学环节进行探索与实践。在理论教学环节，依据钢结构设计标准，采用由简入深、循序渐进的方法讲授直接分析法的原理与思路，突出该法中结构整体缺陷、构件缺陷、残余应力、节点刚度与杆件偏心等要点的基本概念及其实现方法；在实践教学环节，比如本科生毕业设计/论文及大学生科创项目，精选与直接分析法相关的题目，通过实践锻炼使学生更加牢固地掌握该法的核心思想与设计思路。通过探索与实践，学生已掌握了直接分析法的设计思路，相关钢结构软件的应用能力与实践能力得到了进一步提升；学生取得了一定的研究结果，其科学研究水平与创新能力得到了提升。

Direct analysis design method is recommended as primary design method by several domestic and foreign steel structures design standards. However, textbooks and teaching contents of steel structures serial courses are obsolete, and are lagged behind the current standards and the discipline frontier. Based on above-mentioned issues, exploration and practice are implemented in steel structures serial courses on direct analysis design method. In theory teaching phase, the principle and idea of direct analysis method are taught step by step based on standard for design of steel structures. The basic concepts and implementation methods of the key points in the method are highlighted, such as overall structural imperfections, member imperfections, residual stress, joint stiffness and member eccentricity. In practical teaching phase, such as thesis for undergraduate and training programs of innovation and entrepreneurship for undergraduates, select topics related to direct analysis and make students more firmly grasp the core idea and design idea of the method. Through exploration and practice, students have mastered the design idea of direct analysis method, and the application ability and practical ability of relevant steel structure design and analysis software have been further improved. Furthermore, some research results have been obtained by students, and their scientific research level and innovation ability have also been obviously improved.

G642.3

教育部产学合作协同育人项目“直接分析设计法在钢结构系列课程教学中的探讨与实践”(202002116001)；西北农林科技大学研究生教育教学改革研究项目“工程结构可靠度分析课堂教学的改革与实践”(JXGG1939).