土力学是一门实践性学科。传统课堂理论教学存在知识点繁多、内容体系复杂、与实际脱节等问题，而实验教学也有课时、场地、设备等时间、空间和资源等方面的限制和约束，导致整体教学效果欠佳。中山大学土力学教学团队，秉持“虚实结合”的教学理念和方法，开展土力学教学改革探索。一方面，在课堂理论教学中引入实体教学模型，强化学生对理论模型、抽象概念以及工程实际的理解和认识；另一方面，通过虚拟现实技术建设仿真实验平台，克服传统实验教学的时空局限性和资源约束。基于“虚实结合”的教学手段，可激发学生学习的主动性和积极性，培养学生的创新思维，提升土力学课程的教学质量和效果。

Soil mechanics is a practice-oriented subject. There are a number of tricky problems for the conventional classroom theory teaching, including the diverse knowledge points, complicated content system and disjunction between theory and practice, and the experiment teaching is also constrained by the factors of time, space and resources (e.g. teaching hours, site and equipment), which leads to an overall poor teaching effect. Enlightened by the principle of "virtual-actual combination", the soil mechanics teaching team at Sun Yat-sen University carry out the teaching reformation exploration. On the one hand, we introduce the physical model into the theory teaching, which helps promote students' comprehension and recognition of the theoretical model, abstract concept and engineering practice. On the other hand, we construct the simulation platform with the use of virtual reality technology, which helps overcome the limitation of time, space and resources in traditional experiment teaching. The "virtual-actual combination" based teaching means is able to aid in stimulating students' initiative and enthusiasm for learning, cultivation of their innovative thoughts, promotion of the teaching quality and effectiveness of soil mechanics.

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教育部第二批新工科研究与实践项目(E-TMJZSLHY20202140)和中山大学本科教学质量与教学改革工程项目(202193-797)资助