新工科背景下,对土木工程大学生的专业实践能力有了更高的要求,而学科竞赛是培养学生专业实践能力的重要途径之一。根据新工科对大学生专业实践能力的要求,针对目前专业实践教学存在的不足,依托学科竞赛,提出“以竞赋能,以赛促教”的教学方法。以全国大学生结构设计信息技术大赛为例,从模型建立、模型深化、模型分析三个阶段,以竞赋能,探索学科竞赛对大学生专业实践能力的培养过程。学生通过参加学科竞赛,在竞赛中对课堂上学到的内容进行应用和延伸,提升学生的基本实践能力和工程实践能力。从专业课程和实践课程两个方面,以赛促教,分析了学科竞赛对教师专业实践教学的促进作用和实现途径。学科竞赛与教学融合,结合专业课程教学,基于竞赛改进教学方法、更新教学内容、组建教学团队；结合实践课程教学,将竞赛与生产实习、教学试验、毕业设计进行融合,提升教师的专业实践教学水平。依托西南交通大学教学平台,将“以竞赋能,以赛促教”的教学方法在大学生专业实践能力培养的进行实践,取得了良好的效果,可为土木工程类的专业实践教学提供参考。

Under the background of emerging engineering education, which is a higher requirement for civil engineering students" professional practical ability, and subject competition is one of the important ways to cultivate students" professional practical ability. According to the requirements of the new engineering course for college students" professional practice ability, aiming at the shortcomings of the current professional practice teaching, relying on the subject competition, the teaching method of "empowering by competition and promoting teaching by competition" is put forward. Taking the national college students" structural design information technology competition as an example, this paper explores the process of cultivating college students" professional practice ability by competitive empowerment from three stages: model establishment, model deepening and model analysis. By participating in the subject competition, students can apply and extend what they have learned in class in the competition, so as to improve their basic practical ability and engineering practical ability. From two aspects of professional courses and practical courses, this paper analyzes the promotion effect and realization way of subject competition on teachers" professional practice teaching. The integration of subject competition and teaching, combining with professional course teaching, improving teaching methods, updating teaching content and forming teaching team based on competition; Combined with practical course teaching, the competition is integrated with production practice, teaching experiment and graduation design to improve teachers" professional practical teaching level. Relying on the teaching platform of Southwest Jiaotong University, the teaching method of "empowering by competition and promoting teaching by competition" has been practiced in the cultivation of college students" professional practical ability, and achieved good results, which can provide reference for the professional practical teaching of civil engineering.

G642.4；TU352.1 ?????????????

西南交通大学一流本科课程建设项目（YK20211005）