为加快推进建筑业朝工业化、数字化、智能化方向转型升级，许多高校正在积极建设智能建造专业，并推出了一系列新的专业课程。其中，建筑3D打印是许多高校智能建造专业的一项特色课程，其教学内容涵盖机械、材料、信息等领域的知识。但传统课堂教学和大范围实验存在一些问题，比如学生学习兴趣不高和知识理解效率低，以及大范围实验受制于3D打印的高成本、长制作周期和低成品率的限制。因此，有必要探索线上线下混合式教学模式，以激发学生的学习兴趣，并充分培养学生的实践精神和创新能力，从而有效提升教学效果。本研究以华中科技大学智能建造专业的建筑3D打印课程教学为例，讨论了建筑3D打印线上线下混合式教学的内容设计与实践运行。该课程搭建了建筑3D打印虚拟仿真系统，提供三维模型格式转换、模型自动检测、模型修复等工具，使学生能够进行虚拟打印操作，以最低成本和最短时间对打印模型参数进行调整。此外，使用基于工业级六轴机械臂的建筑3D打印设备进行线下打印实践，建立了标准化的打印工艺流程，以确保打印构件的高精度成型。通过“月壶尊”壳体结构混凝土3D打印案例，介绍了该线上线下混合教学模式下的完整学习过程。这种教学模式符合智能建造专业掌握一种软件语言、驱动一台硬件设备、解决一个工程问题的“三个一”人才培养理念，为其他高校开展建筑3D打印教学提供了有益的参考。

In order to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry in the direction of industrialization, digitization and intelligence, many universities are actively developing intelligent construction majors and offering a series of new courses. Among them, construction 3D printing is one of the featured courses, and its teaching content involves relevant knowledge in the fields of machinery, materials, and information. However, there are some problems with traditional classroom teaching and large-scale experiments, such as the low interest of students in learning and the low efficiency of knowledge understanding, as well as the large-scale experiments are limited by the high cost, long production cycle, and low finished product rate of 3D printing. Therefore, it is necessary to explore online-offline hybrid teaching mode to stimulate students' learning interest and fully cultivate their practical spirit and innovation ability, so as to effectively enhance the teaching effect. This study discusses the content design and practical operation of online-offline hybrid teaching mode by taking the construction 3D printing course in the intelligent construction program of Huazhong University of Science and Technology as an example. The course builds a virtual simulation system for 3D printing, which provides tools such as 3D model format conversion, automatic model detection, and model repair, allowing students to perform virtual printing operations and make adjustments to the parameters of the printed model at the lowest cost and in the shortest time. In addition, the industrial-grade six-axis robotic arm-based 3D printing equipment is used to carry out offline printing practice, and the establishment of a standardized printing process ensures the accuracy of the printed components. Through the concrete printing instance of the "Moon Pot Zun" shell structure, the complete learning process under this mode is introduced. This teaching mode can meet the "three-one" talent cultivation concept of mastering a software language, driving a hardware device, and solving an engineering problem, which can provide a useful reference for other universities to carry out the teaching of construction 3D printing.

湖北省高等教育学会共同体建设项目重点课题(2022XD83)