项目型学习作为一类项目驱动、“干中学”的群体性学习方式已经在诸多高校推广应用。为探索项目型学习形成机理,从学生交往的中观视角,建立大学生日常交流、传统课堂学习和项目型学习三类整体网络。通过社会网络分析发现,传统课堂学习网络和项目型学习网络主要以行政班级区划,日常交流网络突破了行政班级界线；三类网络具备一定的结构相似性,但日常交流网络集聚度和中心性更高,传统课堂学习网络和项目型学习网络中高中心性成员重叠更普遍,且大部分为学业优秀学生；日常交流网络小圈子现象较明显,传统课堂学习和项目型学习网络中大部分节点能形成互相交流网络；回归结果显示,日常交流网络和传统课堂学习网络对项目型学习均有正向显著影响。为促进项目型学习的形成,提出了鼓励学生在日常学习生活中加大沟通交流、在项目型学习团队中同时配置学业优秀学生和日常交流活跃分子、调动更多学业优秀学生成为团队核心、适当在团队成员中设置一定数量异性的建议。

As one of group learning models characterized by project-driven, "learning by doing", project-based learning has been widely applied in many universities. In order to explore the formation mechanism of project-based learning, this paper established three types of whole networks of daily communication, traditional classroom learning and project-based learning for college students from the perspective of students' communication. Social network analysis illustrated that the traditional classroom learning network and project-based learning network are mainly divided according to class borders, and the daily communication network has significant cross-class structure; The three types of networks have some similarities in structure, but the daily communication network has higher concentration and centrality. In the traditional classroom learning network and project-based learning network, the membership overlap is more common, and most of members are excellent students; Daily communication network has more “small circles”, which are characterized by some separated groups internally contain several tightly connected members. Most nodes in traditional classroom learning and project-based learning network are interactively connected. The regression results show that daily communication network and traditional classroom learning network have positive and significant impact on project-based learning. In order to promote the project-based learning, suggestions include encouraging students to increase communication in their daily study and life, allocating excellent students and active students in the project-based learning, motivating more excellent students to join in, and appropriately allocating some heterosexuals to the project-based team.

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教育部新文科研究与改革实践项目：“‘工管交叉、深度实践’的工程管理专业人才培养模式研究与改革”,编号2021140102；湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究项目：“技术赋能,产教融合：地方高校管理类专业应用复合型人才培养模式研究”,编号HNJG-2021-0866