Curriculum ideological and political education is an essential approach for enhancing the quality of talent cultivation in urban and rural planning disciplines. Its integration with teaching systems is necessary to meet the demands of high-quality urban-rural development in the new era. Selecting the core course "Urban and Rural Infrastructure Planning" as the research object, this study systematically analyzes prevalent issues within current courses, including outdated contents, monotonous teaching models, and limited evaluation methods. Against the backdrop of curriculum-based ideological and political education, the paper proposes a teaching reform path centered on four modules: course fundamentals, course deepening, course expansion, and course reporting. By establishing a systematic integration model of professional knowledge imparting and ideological and political education, the synergy and unity of the two can be achieved, thereby effectively enhancing students' comprehensive professional capabilities and social responsibility awareness. This research provides theoretical insights and practical experiences for cultivating interdisciplinary urban and rural planning talents equipped with professional competence, patriotic sentiments, and practical abilities.