To meet the demand for high-quality talent in Urban Underground Space Engineering (UUSE), Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology and Southeast University jointly conducted a survey on employment situation of graduates and talent and educational requirements. The survey shows that provincial-level undergraduate universities are the main talent supply source, state-owned enterprises are the primary employment destination and business types center on construction. The talent cultivation program needs optimization, and there are disagreements on the rationality of practical teaching. Enterprises have a prominent demand for constructors and technicians, while also emphasizing the comprehensive quality of graduates. Employers pay close attention to professional relevance and professional qualification certificates. The experience of student cadres is also an important reference. The overall performance of professional ethics of graduates is good, but the differentiation of ability level is obvious, and the consciousness of innovation needs to be further strengthened. To address these issues, universities can enhance career development support, refine the talent cultivation program, improve practical teaching, foster innovation awareness, and optimize vocational training systems. These measures will enhance the professional adaptability of graduates.