Under the strategic development of emerging engineering education, the traditional graduate education model in geotechnical engineering is significantly lagging in terms of interdisciplinary integration, competency development, and value orientation. It is increasingly difficult to meet the demands for cultivating interdisciplinary talents in the new era. This research, based on the graduate education reform practices at Fuzhou University, constructs an educational restructuring path centered on optimizing the curriculum system, collaboratively cultivating research capabilities, and fostering multi-supervisor joint mentoring. The goal is to promote the coordinated operation of modular course structures, diversified research training mechanisms, and interdisciplinary mentoring systems. This approach aims to strengthen students’ foundational theory, engineering practice, and social responsibility skills. Through the linkage of teaching content, integration of research platforms, and reconstruction of collaborative mentoring mechanisms, this model enhances graduate students interdisciplinary collaboration and engineering innovation capabilities. It significantly improves the openness of the curriculum structure, the conversion rate of research outcomes, and the effectiveness of collaborative talent cultivation. This educational model provides valuable insights and applicability for the transformation of graduate education paradigms in engineering disciplines