The numerical simulation teaching for the analysis of seismic response of building structures under time domain and frequency domain, and their relations with each other, was studied by using MatLab and its internal functions. Taking the seismic response of a three story building structure as teaching object, by using MatLab's internal functions, the numerical integral and convolution integral of time domain analysis, and the Fourier transform and transfer function analysis of frequency analysis were realized. The transformation relation between time domain and frequency domain was demonstrated by numerical simulation, and the influence of parameter variation on seismic response of structures was discussed. This research has reference value for the application of MatLab and other software to improve the teaching quality of architectural structure.