Theory and history of landscape architecture is an important fundamental and basic course for the curriculum system of landscape architecture. With the new round of changing of curriculum system of landscape architecture, this paper explores the renovation of theory and history of landscape architecture course based on illustration and proposes a teaching framework with three different objectives of knowledge and technology, procedure and method, and passion and value. This study aims to help students to establish a space-time cognition of Chinese traditional gardens, develop a holistic map for the history of Chinese garden, explore the contemporary meaning of history for modern landscape design, and understand and inherit excellent traditional cultural. It is helpful for students to form a positive outlook on the life and the world, to bridge the gap between theory and practice, and to realize the transformation of knowledge into wisdom.