Abstract:

Abstract:We have put forward a game theory model for describing the Copenhagen climate negotiation in this paperIn the model,strategies and their effectiveness of every countries have been discussed We decomposed the climate negotiation game into a series subgames ,which are easy analysed We advanced a theory that the failure of the Copenhagen climate negotiation 2009 can been explained with the postpone negotiation game model and the unsymmetrical information bilateral monopoly trade model

Abstract:The “Copenhagen Accord” upholds and maintains the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, the authorization of the “Bali road map”, and the “twintrack” negotiating process. It also clearly pinpoints the rights and obligations of the developed countries to compulsorily reduce emissions and that of the developing countries to take selfdeterminate to mitigation actions, strengthens the law responsibilities of the developed countries to provide financial and technical support to address climate change, and actively maintains basic rights of the developing countries in measuring, reporting and verification of mitigation actions. At last, it establishes the longterm operational objectives that the global average temperature rise must be controlled under 2 degrees Celsius corresponding the temperature before the industrial revolution. So, the “Copenhagen Accord” has taken a very important step to jointly cope with climate change in the international community, and has a positive and important legal value and meaning of the guide of action. To implement of the commitments of the Copenhagen meeting, China should actively improve the legal measures to response to global climate change.

Abstract:Copenhagen Climate Summit which was designed to sign a new agreement on the future global action to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases after the expiry of the first commitment phase of “Kyoto Protocol” in 2012 , ending up with a nonlegally binding document named “Copenhagen Accord” The provisions in “Copenhagen Accord” about the limit of global warming,fund,technology and the issue of transparency which were based on the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” and the “twintrack” negotiating mode provide a starting point for the further negotiations The “Copenhagen Accord” has legal limitations on the procedure , the content and the legal effect of the accord itself Therefore, how to turn the political will in “Copenhagen Accord” to legally binding rights and obligations has become the biggest challenge in the followup negotiations

Abstract:Air fills and connects the whole world Air generates the climate, thus they are fundamentally related The dramatic change of the air, especially the climbing of the temperature, had recently made the climate issue one of the principal international political topics Study will be taken on the foundation principle of climatologicalpolitic, and historical review will be carried out on the climatologicalpolitic under the frame of international politics By doing so, the author will try to explore a brandnew thinkingpath philosophically which can lead us to the research of climatologicalpolitic

Abstract:The justice is a social ideology based on dynamic interests’ game equilibrium and to form the institutions and put it into practice are actually to affirm and secure this game equilibrium in urban demolition At the same time, only the related institution system and its putting into practice could embody the comparative equilibrium of interests’ game in urban demolition, the institution about urban demolition is just and excellent, and then the disputes and conflicts in urban demolition can be resolved So, about legislation and formulating rules and regulations based on game’s rules and equilibrium must affirm and ensure justice through strengthening public mechanism and perfecting the mechanism of expression of interests and wholly participating in the process of urban demolition, namely, affirm and protect some reasonable interests to conform to market value or the public interests On the other hand, it is necessary for realizing interest equilibrium and strengthening the justice of institutions in the current political and administrative system that the third sector or the medium social sector is set up and the public hearing system of urban demolition is strengthened

Abstract:Taking the Chongqing Three Gorges reservoir district as the typical representative of western traditional agriculture area, this essay studies influence of education on rural economy development by applying the panel data model The result indicates that education development has positive influence on development of agricultural production and improvement of peasant’s living conditions Accordingly, this essay proposes that, in the process of rural construction and coordinated and balanced development between urban and rural areas, we must persist on “education advance” strategy, improve investment to the rural education and so on

Abstract:The time series analysis method is used to analyze the technology spillovers of import trade in China The cointegration test demonstrates that the R&D expenditures of trade partners and China significantly promote China’s technological progress, however, the domestic R&D expenditures’ impact on technological progress is more prominent than the trade partners’; the error correct model analysis shows that there is a certain lagged effect upon the technology promotion of domestic R&D expenditures while there is no lagged effect upon the technology promotion of trade partners. The further Granger causality test shows that the R&D expenditures of trade partners and China are both the Granger reasons of the changes of TFP

Abstract:The relations between Chinese FDI and foreign trade(import and export trade) depend on the specific conditions of different countries. Various scholars made significantly different results as they had used different methods  This article, taking use of cointegration theory, analyzes the relations between Chinese FDI and foreign trade (1995-2007) , and the outcome is : there are substitution effect in longterm and complementary effect in shortterm, besides, we make the error correction models both of Chinese FDI with import and Chinese FDI with export  At last, it’s the conclusion analysis and policy recommendations

Abstract:Subprimecrisis which burst upon in America has produced badly influence on the real economy in the world Financial servicing units will show large number of loss in the financial statement if they continue to deal with financial assets and liabilities in fair value Under this condition, many related bodies have begun to attack on fair value However, does fair value act as activator of the spread of financial crisis? The development of financial products has boosted the use of fair value Will the financial crisis “kill” fair value? The paper tries to answer it

Abstract:This paper, through scenario experiment method, is designed to explore the effect of the five familiar service cues(overall price, reputation of enterprise, dress and manner of employees, convenience of service location and environment) on customer’s risk perception before service purchase In consequence，it has been discovered that reputation of enterprise can reversely influence on customer financial risk perception, while the effect of overall price level is intricate and nonlinear; the manner of employees and convenience of service location produce significant reverse influence with the timerisk perception; on the psychosocial risk perception, the effect of manner of employees is the most salient; etc The marketing management implication has also been pointed out

Abstract:Earnings management is profitmaking management behavior by accounting opportunistic behavior, used by the company executives as rational agents, who take advantage of the comparison superiority about personal information during the enterprise information disclosure and report process. On the premise of the bounded rationality, the contract is inevitably incomplete, and there are the problems of moral risk and reverse option. It is necessary to execute surveillance mechanism by contract, so as to guarantee the execution efficiency. It is noteworthy the premise that earnings management itself is carried on in optional space, which is permitted by laws and regulations. Therefore, the surveillance mechanism toward earnings management is inevitably one kind of personal safeguard mechanisms. Taking the system analysis and contract theory as analytical tools, from the perspective of positive alanalysis, this paper inspects the feasibility and system foundation of earnings management surveillance mechanism based on prestige.

Abstract:Since 2009, facing intensified international financial crisis, structural tax reduction has already become not only a major highlight of China’s tax policies but also an effective financial tool to stimulate the economic growth and social needs Although the policy of structural tax reduction adapted to the needs of the current socioeconomic objective situation, it has increased the pressure on revenues and expenditures and posed a new challenge,involving how to integrate the use of the policy of structural tax reduction with the improvement of the tax system in the next phase In this paper, association rules data mining analytical method is introduced to make the quantitative data analysis of some main categories of taxes before and after the current tax reduction And the impact of the tax reduction policy on some main categories of taxes and the total tax revenues is analyzed Additionally, some suggestions on the following goals of structural tax reduction that feature the basis of the adjustment of the tax system are proposed through the analysis of main taxes associated with the degree of change in tax revenue

Abstract:The focus of rural land management system reform is to establish a market which unifies urban and rural collective constructive land gradually，and to promote the transfer of the rural collective constructive land reasonablly and conform it to the standard This article firstly describes the related concepts of rural collective constmuctive land, and analyzes the main body, the object, classification, as well as the form of the transfer of rural collective constructive land Then it draws on the Marxist rent theory and the new institutional economics, recalls China’s history of rural collective constructive land transfer, and analyzes the basic characteristics of it

Abstract:Enterprise staff’s characteristic to trustpower refers to what psychology and behavior characteristic staff have that can cause superior’s trust among enterprise Through analysis of the 498 tested, the research find enterprise staff ’s characteristic to trustpower include: good attitude and quality, consistent with superior, outstanding ability and achievement, interpersonal harmony and reveal different kinds of staff ‘s difference on the cognition of these characteristic

Abstract:The evaluation of social science research achievements is an important part in social science research management, which is also a topic of wide concern. The current evaluation methods are mainly peerreviewed method, citation analysis and comprehensive evaluation method. This paper emphatically discussed comprehensive evaluation method based on comparative analysis of these three methods, expounds the comprehensive evaluation ideas to four aspects of index comprehensive evaluation: establishment of index system, weight determination, target acquisition and combination of evaluation methods. Then, it puts forward a comprehensive evaluation system of social science research achievements with a view to help the research and application of social science research achievements evaluation.

Abstract:This paper have pondered over the condition of evaluation for research achievements on humanity and social sciences. We should put important on the data development of the evaluation information for not only scientometric evaluation but also peer review. Purifying the science environment must start from the peer review and it’s mechanism for publishing paper. Novel consulting of social science achievements could help us to evaluation innovation of research achievements.

Abstract:This article firstly introduces the theory and purpose of evaluation of journals Through the Comparison of various journals evaluation methods, the author points out the limitations of single index and the infection of subjective factors in journals evaluation The article adopts data from the Chinese S&T journal citation reports, usese principal component analysis on the comprehensive evaluation on technology journals, and gives the relevant results of the evaluation At last the paper indicats the main issues and aspects in the application of this method

Abstract:Environmental law is one of the legal institution guarantees of new countryside construction,also new countryside construction offers a good chance to perfect China’s environmental law New countryside construction brings challenges on legislative purpose and regulating objectives of environmental law, so environmental law must adjust itself to adapt to it

Abstract:The harmony between man and nature is a core concept in the social value system of the future, it is also an important aspect in the construction of the amicable society in environment The environmental situation in China continues presenting the worsening trend although a large amount of jobs have been done by government in the construction of the amicable society in environment Especially, the quantity of the environment crimes increases gradually, the damage expands unceasingly As an extreme form in destroying environment resource, the environment crime is not only a realistic threat to ecological environment but also a gigantic obstacle to our strategy in continuable development Preventing and controlling such crimes are helpful to provide legal guarantee for the construction of the amicable society in environment Therefore, it is necessary to scan and clean up the actual criminal legislation about the environment crime in the round, then we should discuss the legislation perfection of the environment crime thoroughly And it is helpful to probe into and perfect the executive countermeasures against the environment crime

Abstract:The establishment of a scientific supervision model is essential to make the environment supervised efficiently, which should also be a wise measure to eliminate environmental crisis In China, there are many problems in the environmental supervision system, such as disorder in administrative structure, inactive in administrative system and managing body usually absent from the emergency of environmental accident, so it becomes urgent on how to establish an efficient environmental supervision model This paper proposes a new suggestion with the above issue It argues the efficient model for environmental supervision should be consisted in systemmodel named as “One Body Two Wings” and measuremodel with the characteristic of adaptability and flexibility For systemmodel, the local supervision should become the main body of the environmental supervision, and the valley regulation and regional regulation should be considered as the two wings cooperated with the main body; while measuremodel, it should be combined with all kinds of supervision measure, including administrative supervision, agreement supervision, social supervision and selfregulation, to promote the appearance of an utmost goal with a multifunctional and coordinated measuremodel This paper has also paid more attention on the following issues: distribution on function among local supervision, valley supervision and regional supervision; the relationship between social supervision and public participation; the relationship between agreement supervision/selfregulation and corporation/enterprise environmental responsibility, the aim of which is to make the environmental supervision more efficient and realize the society with the harmonious development

Abstract:With the deepening of college English teaching and testing in China, formative assessment has been paid greater and greater attention by teachers It mainly includes assessment conducted by teachers, students’ selfassessment and so on However，in present college English teaching, most of the teachers ignore the students’ selfassessment Actually students’ selfassessment is of vital importance in formative assessment, and students can have autocriticism and selfadjustment At first, the present state and the disadvantages in the present college English teaching assessment are analyzed theoretically Then，through classroom experiments, this study shows that students’ selfassessment plays an important role in college English teaching It can not only promote students’ autonomous learning ability and ability to use English in a wellrounded way but also improve students’ lifelong learning ability

Abstract:Comtemporary college students have been placed in the time of globalized and networked information, so the public opinion environment of multiple channels and various information leads the approach and method by which college students get information to new situation, characteristcs and tendency Under this background, how the contemporary college students choose and use political information and their attitudes toward the information will influence their political view orientation, which is very important related to the stability of the country and the growth of the college students This paper analyzes the new characteristics and tendency of selection of the sources of contemporary college students’ current political information and proposes concrete ideas about how to improve content education especially methodology education, and the leading effect of traditional media, how to understand the law of communication, emphasize the publicity of information, and develop the approaches in which college students get political information by increasing the guidance of the new media such as netwok, in order to enhance and lead the education work of contemporary college students’ current political information

Abstract:By adopting questionnaire survey, the author researched some factors affecting job selection and jobhunting standards of graduate students on 415 ones from some universities and colleges in Chongqing The result shows that there are three important factors will affect students obtaining employment in their opinions, such as the specialty, the social communicated ability, and the reputation of the university or college The payment, stability of job, and property of employer are emphasized when graduate students are choosing a jobThis influence of the difference of gradnate students’ ginder, politics, grade and working as a student supervisor on the affecting factors and the standards of job selection is obvious. Some suggestion related to the problems in the job selection of graduate students is provided

Abstract:At present, the problem of students in Chongqing universities who face family’s Financial difficulties has emerged as a focal point that every person in society concerned about This paper adopts SCL90 to analyze the state of the mental heath of the students in Chongqing universities who face family’s financial difficulties Furthermore , by making a survey of the different between poor students and normal students and national youth group, and comparing difference among gender, grade and subject in nine factors, this paper also analyzes a series of questions and puts forward the relevant countermeasures