Abstract:Economic structure is the key to decrypting the mystery of China’s regional economic growth and to seeking equitable growth. The coordination of economy and structure can explain China’s Growth Miracle, and the distortions of economic structure are the reason for China’s stepping into a low-growth era. This paper explores the fact features of regional economic practice and its logical mechanism, emphasizing that economic structure is the “underlying causes” of China regional economy growth; furthermore provincial boundaries are the appropriate spatial scale to study domestic regional economic growth, and factor allocation is the basement to shape China’s gradient development pattern. Therefore the issue of economic structure must be focused. The policy implications are that domestic regional economy should pursue equitable development from structure change.

Abstract:There is a definite link between foreign direct investment and economic growth. However, due to the differences of regional industrial structure, resource status and economic system, the foreign direct investment efficiency is also different. In this paper, we add the factor of foreign quality to the foreign investment and regional economic growth model during the empirical research. As a result, regional differences between the quality of foreign direct investment led to a difference in the rate of contribution to economic growth areas, that is to say，capital heterogeneity will directly affect the degree of FDI effects on economic growth in different regions and even the direction. It follows that, it is necessary to change the ideas in the process of attracting investment and eliminating the unbalances that FDI’s influence on the regional economic development, namely, from a simple shift emphasis on increasing the number of foreign capital to improving the quality of capital, increasing foreign investment in output efficiency.

Abstract:It is a national strategic consideration of planning for entire project of ecological environmental protection and building of reservoir area of the Three Gorges to construct the ecological protective screen of the upper reaches of Yangtze River. Standing on the environment priority, establishing the thinking of rural-urban environment protection integration, making an effort to promote the institutional improvement on ecological environmental protection of reservoir area of the Three Gorges, among these, the inflexion is to form a new administrative thought pattern, the basic point is to construct a three levels of comprehensive management system: the node is to establish a new governmental action pattern and promote the recycling economic development mode of reservoir area of the Three Gorges, the emphasis is to perfect the operational mechanism of rural-urban coordinated ecological environmental protection, reform the pollution charge and implement the institution of pollution discharge standards and total volume control quotas for pollutants while accelerateing the economic development of reservoir area of the Three Gorges and practically protecting ecological environment, establishing urban-rural integrated ecological protective screen and realizing the rural-urban ecological building and environmental protection coordinated development. Based on deep survey on ecological environment reservoir area of the Three Gorges of Chongqing, this article emphatically points out the countermeasures and suggestions on structural mode and operational system of integrated ecological environmental protection of reservoir area of the Three Gorges.

Abstract:No matter which country or nation from an agricultural society to an industrial society or from a traditional society to a modern society is facing the process of the natural history objectively, this changes the dual economic and social structure. But using the national strategy of “balancing urban and rural development” to respond to this natural history process, essentially, is based on the national consciousness, social consciousness and people consciousness to promote transformation of development mode. So, clarifying some theoretical issues between the subjectivity and the attributes of the laws of nature has some practical significance.

Abstract:The week effect is one of the anomalies in financial markets, which means that the returns on different trading day are different and statistically significant. Week effect includes the weekday effects on average stock returns and its volatility. This paper applies GARCH (1,1), GARCH (1,1)-M and EGARCH (1,1) models to the Shanghai and Shenzhen’s stock returns. Meanwhile, time interval was made to analyze whether price limits implemented since 1996 weakens the week effects. Study finds that in China’s stock market in the corresponding sample interval ,the significant week effect exists, while the specific distribution of week effects is different from each other. Moreover, the yield increases with the volatility and the leverage effect of yield volatility exists.

Abstract:The effects of venture capital on enterprise IPO are mainly concentrated in two aspects that are certification supervision and signal transfer effect. Many foreign scholars who used the empirical data of developed capital market found that price discount of entrepreneurs supported by venture capital is lower than entrepreneurship-a startup company unsupported by venture capital. However, some Chinese scholars through using empirical data of Growth Enterprises Market find: whether venture capital participating in enterprise or not, IPO discount rates do not differ significantly. Based on operation structure of China’s securities market, using the signal game and two stage game model, this paper explores deep reason for the weak effect of initial certification supervision to Chinese venture investment in IPO.

Abstract:Based on data at industrial levels, this paper estimates ERPT of RMB into China’s exports and its variance across industries. It shows: 1)The ERPT of RMB into China’s exports is incomplete and PTM is prevalent; 2)Industrial variance in RMB’s ERPT to China’s exports is great with manufactures higher than the primary, the less resource-based manufactures higher than the more resource-based ones. However what account is not the fluctuations of the currency but the cost structures of different industries. The above estimation results imply: 1)The incomplete ERPT of RMB will weaken the policy effect of trade balance adjustment through foreign exchange rate; 2) An effective foreign exchange rate policy has to take the commodity structure of China’s exports and cost structure of different industries into consideration.

Abstract:CDO is a kind of complex pricing credit derivatives. The key of pricing is the default probability and the default correlation. Based on Monte Carlo method, the paper uses Merton extension model and combines with Copula function to generate default time distribution. And then it calculates the underlying asset portfolios default loss. Based on the premiums and losses of asset portfolios, the paper prices the multiple levels of CDO and analyzes different influence on CDO pricing.

Abstract:Based on the data of China listed companies which disclosed R&D expenditure from 2008 to 2010, this paper explores the relationship between executive characteristics and corporate R&D investment efficiency. The empirical evidence suggests that executive tenure and executive ownership positively affect R&D investment efficiency. However, executive age is negatively related to R&D investment efficiency. From the comparative analysis of Shanghai, Hubei, Sichuan and Chongqing, we find that the scale and intensity of Chongqing R&D investment are far less than that of the other three regions. At the same time, Chongqing R&D investment funds mainly rely on the enterprises, and the R&D funds invested by government are serious insufficient. From the descriptive statistics of Chongqing listed companies, we find that there are serious problem of R&D low efficiency investment.

Abstract:By identifying entrepreneur’s social guanxi network as personal network, business network and political network, this paper is to empirically test the effect of the policy environment and guanxi network on entrepreneurial growth of micro-enterprises using the data of 230 micro-enterprises in Chongqing. The results indicate that the policy environment, business network and political network positively influence entrepreneurial growth of micro-enterprises. The results also show that the policy environment negatively moderates the relationship between the political network and entrepreneurial growth of micro-enterprises, which means that the good policy environment weakens the positive effect of the political on entrepreneurial growth of micro-enterprises in China.

Abstract:This paper employs the structural equation modeling method in the study of the relationship between the knowledge flow and intellectual capital, divides the knowledge flows among enterprises in the supply chain into knowledge exchange and knowledge integration. According to classic classification, intellectual capital is divided into three elements: human capital, structural capital and relational capital. From analyzing the dynamics of intellectual capital, intellectual capital management model, SECI model and organizational learning, four aspects of literature, the article reveals that the process of knowledge flow is the process of intellectual capital management virtually. Through investigation on 237 enterprises, the author used structural equation modeling method to analyze the impact of exchange of knowledge and knowledge integration on the three elements of the core enterprise intellectual capital, of which: there is positive correlation between the exchange of knowledge and human capital as well as relational capital, meanwhile, there is no positive influence between knowledge exchange and structure capital; knowledge integration has positive influence on human capital, structural capital and relational capital. Through living example, it has been elucidating that improving the relationship between knowledge flow and intellectual capital will help enhance the core enterprise intellectual capital.

Abstract:Independent colleges and junior colleges both are the indispensable components of higher education system in China. It is very necessary to conduct an objective, systematic and scientific evaluation for them, so as to really meet people’s demand for higher education. This paper discusses the significances, ideas, principles and specific practices of independent colleges and junior colleges evaluation in detail, and conducts a comprehensive analysis and elaboration about the evaluation results, with a view to provide a reference and help for the development of higher education and the demand of appropriate level of higher education.

Abstract:Based on the statistical data of Chongqing from 2000 to 2010, through constructing the index of quality of economic growth, the essay analyzes the situation of the quality of economic growth in Chongqing from six perspectives which are economic growth efficiency, economic growth structure, economic growth stability, economic growth benefits change and achievements distribution, economic growth ecological environment’s cost, and national economic quality. The conclusion is that quality of economic growth in Chongqing was significantly improved year by year and the index of quality of economic growth increased from 2000 to 2010.Except for the other dimensions of quality index of economic growth, the economics structure dimension is the main factor to improve the quality of economic growth in Chongqing. The government next step need to adjust the structure of industries and investment, spend more attentions on public safety and decrease the expenditure of government in order to ensure the quality of economic growth to be further improved.

Abstract:Structure and perfect relevance system become necessary in use of the urban land from flat to solid dimension. Foreign countries have a lot of successful experience in use of stratified land system, which is worth of studying and reference. China is inadvisable to introduce the concept of superficies in the continental law countries. The system should be based on use of the forms of layered land in civil law countries, then draw on more flexible and practical experience in the common law system and regulate distinctively the specific situation.

Abstract:In the era of big data, it seems like seeking for a needle in a haystack to find a tiny evidence associated with proceedings from the mass of electronic data，and the complexity of data is also a challenge to the quality of E-evidence, as not only increases the cost of collecting E-evidence, but also makes the imbalance of E-evidence a difficult structural problems to solve. The era of big data has spawned new methods of collecting E-evidence, and the mining technology of big data also provides new ideas to the discovery of E-evidence. In the era of big data, it is thus necessary for us to make the collection mode of evidence play a bigger role by using big data processing technology. Confronting the effects of big data, we should improve the rights and obligations of collecting E-evidence, give corresponding weight to the collection of E-evidence by using new technologies, which can effectively protect the parties equitably access to evidence, maintain equitable competition, and promote litigation and the discovery of authenticity in the civil proceedings.

Abstract:In the premise of cognition, open-theft theory makes no importance of the secrecy. This theory takes existing truth as a premise to adopt circular thinking, takes the foreign theory for granted to be assumed, and interprets penalty gap subjectively. So, in epistemology, there is deficient for the necessity of establishing the theory. In the arguments of the theory, it inappropriately uses literal interpretation, historical interpretation and comparative interpretation. It is not perfect in establishing the boundary of theft crime and distinction with robbery and other crimes of property. Therefore, it is questionable for the rationality and feasibility to construct open-theft theory in methodology. The theft theory should be reassessed, so as to maintain and develop the traditional theory of secret-theft.

Abstract:The subject’s ethnic values crisis like dignity and freedom lays in his personal information. In settings of network, hierarchy exists among these ethnic values more drastically where crisis of values has been aroused by re-utilization. In order to cope with crisis, domestic legislators should regulate the act of participants of information re-utilization by the combination of centralization and decentralization in comparison with regulations in U.S and E.U in mode of domestic network regulation. On the one hand, collectors and recipients should be regulated by layers of rules deriving from dignity and freedom uniformly by which above-mentioned hierarchy will be embodied; On the other hand, rules pertaining freedom should be restricted pursuant to the layer of values, so that the needs of various re-utilization participants will be met. In this sense, the exemption of these rules should be set in the measure of distributive justice respondent with various re-utilization participants considering the distinction between their roles and powers in re-utilization.

Abstract:The unreal joint obligation originated in Germany. It is a civil law system developed on cases, and has played a tremendous role in the early civil law practice. But unreal joint obligation theory was questioned a lot since the date it was proposed. It has been developing in a winding path. Especially the prosperity of contemporary civil law theory and system brings a greatly compression to the area of application of the unreal joint obligation. This paper reviews the theoretical and practical developing history of the unreal joint obligation, introduces and comments the affirmative and negative view of the unreal joint obligation and their basis, eliminates the unreasonable elements of traditional unreal joint obligation theory, demonstrates the contemporary existing value of the unreal joint obligation, redefines the types and scope of its application, and puts forward some suggestions about how to construct the unreal joint obligation system under the contemporary civil law theory and system.

Abstract:Whether or not persist in the direction of socialist cultural building by the leading of socialist kernel value system, strengthening the main position of socialist kernel value system ,is the key to socialist outstanding culture building. But, building socialist kernel value system is face to the unprecedented challenge from the public media, consume culture, internet and socialist trend of thought. In order to deal with the challenge, we should, firstly, firmly grasp the core of economy and ram the material base of building in socialist kernel value system; secondly, set up healthy consume culture by strengthening leading and managing; thirdly, lead the internet culture building by socialist kernel value system; fourthly, firmly establish the guide position of Marxism in controversy with socialist trend of thought.

Abstract:The industrial revolution has greatly impacted the global environment, leading to the deteriorating of human’s living condition and the breaking out of ecological crisis, which caught the attention of global community. Since the 1960s, with the release of The Limit of Growth by The Club of Rome, international community began to reflect the origin of ecological crisis. This article contends that the roots of ecological crisis lie in the industrial civilization based on Capitalism which means a new type of civilization beyond capitalism is in need. This article argues that Marxism actually contains the solution to the crisis. By the localization of Marxism, Chinese Communist Party is constructing ecological civilization with Chinese traits which paves the way to the real solution to ecological crisis.

Abstract:As a professional supervision mode, the administrative supervision plays a very important role in the construction of clean politics. However, due to the restriction of legislation, system and mechanism, the function of the administrative supervision to promote the clean politics construction is in the presence of constraints. Therefore, through the improvement of administrative supervision system, establishing and perfecting the legal system of administrative supervision, improving administrative supervision mechanism, strengthening the administrative supervision function, are the keys to promoting the effective way of honest and clean political construction.

Abstract:Since the 15th century, science has been reflecting the world according to different subjects. Science develops human’s grasp of the world with deeper research, but this kind of grasp is got by dividing the world into several parts. The introduction and success of technology strengthened the authority of the knowledge on one hand; Meanwhile, the concentration on the whole world, philosophy and metaphysics all have a trend to be a fringe issue, and this trend is strengthened by the development of modernism, it also influences the standard of training the persons with ability. Calling for scientists with a philosophical mind is just against this kind of training standard; furthermore, it calls for the restoration of wisdom under the situation of severing the truth.

Abstract:From inclusive growth perspective reflecting football professional reform, the research thinks that there are big obstacles influencing football professional reform process such as the unclear reform goal orientation, physical barriers, distorted and imbalanced relationship, lag of reserve personnel training, and one-sided understanding problems in the reform. Based on inclusive growth, deepening the professional football reform must adapt to market economy, change development mode, transform the management system and operation mechanism to break system barriers, strengthen the reserve personnel training system construction, and objectively and rationally understand the reform achievements and existing problems.

Abstract:Cultural Translation is now a hot term in Translation Studies, Ethnographic Studies and Postcolonial Studies while its meaning varies from one area to another, sometimes to a very great extent. Cultural translation in Translation Studies is an opposite to Linguistic Translation, and the former emphasizes the interpretation of cultural meaning of the source text and it also regards translation owns power to shape the receiving culture. Cultural Translation in ethnography takes investigation and representation of ethnic culture as process of translation in which the whole culture is taken as a text. Cultural Translation in Postcolonial Studies uses etymologically the meaning of “removal” in translation and makes itself equivalent to cultural hybridity and cultural diaspora, expressing an existing cultural state in the postcolonial context.

Abstract:Human can not be self-restraint in the burning and excitement of modernity. With the retreat and defense of modernity, all confused ideas or weak perception are emerging in the beating language. Words are broken, there is nothing. Modern expansion resets in language, symbols have no fear of the walkthrough. As a metaphysical principle of the modern language, metaphor, symbol, special-shaped, virtual and game carry the modernity burst and active pour. Compared with the deterministic structure of language, uncertain chain state of seductive language in post-modern context is more difficult to identify and locate.

Abstract:In order to effectively carry out the education of mental health and sense of happiness, this study aims at investigating the circumstances of 516 students’ subjective happiness and mentality, using the questionnaires The Satisfaction with Life Scale （SWLS） composed and Symptom Check list 90（SCL-90）.The result shows that there is a significant negative correlationship between 516 subjects’ scores of SWLS and SCL-90 whereas there is a positive correlation between sense of happiness and mental health.

Abstract:To train creative and outstanding talents, we must understand the effect factors and the effecting mechanism. Using mature questionnaires to 242 colleges students from Chongqing university, the survey reveals that, their scores of creative tendencies, creative self-efficacy and teacher creativity-supportive behavior are little higher than medium, they cope positively when facing difficult. There is significant correlation among the 4 questionnaires; the creative self-efficacy can predict creative tendencies better, and the teacher creativity-supportive and coping style affects the creative tendencies by self-efficacy. Creative self-efficacy plays an intermediary role. It is critical to cultivate and strengthen the creative self-efficacy of college students in order to carry forward the innovation education in colleges.