Abstract:External contracting projects are one of the main forms of economic cooperation between China and countries along "The Belt and Road". Strengthening the country environmental research of the contracted projects along the "The Belt and Road" is conducive to reducing risks and improving the success rate. Based on the existing research, new business environment factors and the characteristics of infrastructure contracting projects are taken into consideration. A comprehensive environmental evaluation system for project contracting countries with 6 environmental factors and 33 indicators is constructed and the entropy value method is used to quantitatively study 64 countries' environment of contracting project. Then this paper tests the result of the application of entropy value method with Spearman and clusters comprehensive evaluation value through SPSS 19.0. The empirical evidence shows that:Firstly, the infrastructure environment and economic factors are the most important factors influencing Chinese enterprises' decision of foreign project contracting country selection; Secondly, project contracting environment is very different and imbalance among the countries along "The Belt and Road", it is better in southeast and south Asia, secondary in Central and eastern Europe and West Asia and North Africa, worse in East Asia, Central Asia and the commonwealth of independent states; Lastly, according to the comprehensive evaluation value, the countries' environment of contracting project is divided into four types:good, better, worse, and worst. This study has positive empirical evidence for Chinese construction enterprises to actively develop foreign contracted projects in the countries along "The Belt and Road", and also provides valued reference for the implementation of Chinese "The Belt and Road" and "go out" strategies.

Abstract:An in-depth study of the trade effects and mechanisms of Internet infrastructure in countries along "The Belt and Road" is important for China to optimize the layout of Internet infrastructure construction in countries along "The Belt and Road", to effectively stimulate trade effects, and to deal with the negative impact of the world trade environment. Based on the perspectives of trade cost and total factor productivity (TFP), this paper constructs panel data between China and 45 countries along "The Belt and Road" from 2007 to 2017, and empirically examines the trade effect of the Internet infrastructure of countries along "The Belt and Road" using the mediation effect model. The overall test results show that the Internet infrastructure of countries along "The Belt and Road" is conducive to bilateral trade between China and those countries, and the trade effect is mainly achieved by reducing trade costs rather than increasing total factor productivity. Heterogeneity test results show that Internet infrastructure has obvious trade effects regardless of the difference in trade direction or economic development of countries along "The Belt and Road". The intermediary effect of trade cost mainly occurs in the import and export trade of developed countries to China, and the intermediary effect of total factor productivity mainly occurs in the export trade of countries to China and the import and export trade of developing countries to China. In the new situation, China should take part in the construction of the Internet infrastructure along "The Belt and Road" and pay attention to the rational layout and grasp the intensity of construction, not only cultivate the new kinetic energy of trade growth, but also optimize the structure of import and export trade.

Abstract:In this paper, the impact of real estate price on enterprise innovation level is summed up as "cost effect" and "investment effect", and the relationship among real estate price, real estate investment behavior, deepening of real estate investment and enterprise technological innovation output is analyzed. The innovation of this paper is that the investment of innovation factors and innovation management level are taken as intermediary variables to test the relationship between real estate prices and innovation output from both theoretical and empirical aspects. Based on the theoretical viewpoint and the data of A-share listed companies, this paper makes an empirical study of the research hypothesis and draws the following conclusions:1) The impact mechanism of real estate price on technological innovation level of enterprise is realized through at least two channels of "cost effect" and "investment effect".2) The "cost effect" of real estate price on enterprise's technological innovation level is to influence technological innovation achievements through technological innovation investment as intermediary. 3) The "investment effect" of real estate price on technological innovation level of enterprise is to influence technological innovation achievements through the intermediary of technological innovation management level. 4) Failure to prove that real estate investment will squeeze the technological innovation investment of listed companies. The conclusions of this study have the following two important policy implications:1) Attention should be paid to the "cost effect" of real estate price on technological innovation output of enterprises. Under the background of the transformation of new and old kinetic energy, the scarcity of innovative talents improves their bargaining power in the labor market. House as necessity of life, the rising price will lead to the rising labor price of innovative talents, which will inevitably increase the burden of investment in technological innovation of enterprises, and affect the transformation and upgrading of enterprises and the quality of long-term development. 2)The real estate investment of A-share enterprises does not squeeze the investment of technological innovation, but reduces the efficiency of enterprise innovation. In terms of policy, it is necessary to formulate evaluation indicators of innovation efficiency of related technologies, so as to promote key enterprises to attach importance to the improvement of innovation efficiency.

Abstract:This paper innovatively studies whether the high housing prices have been pushed up by the development of sci-technological innovation ability. 310 samples of mixed panel databases are constructed by sci-technological innovation ability and housing price in 31 provinces of China from 2006 to 2017.The factor analysis method is used to revise the index system of sci-technological innovation ability. The Ward method is used to analyze regional heterogeneity. The multi-factor linear econometric model is used to empirically analyze the impact of sci-technological innovation ability on housing prices based on regional heterogeneity. Conclusions are drawn as follows:1) Nationwide, sci-technological innovation ability has significantly increased housing prices. The main reason is that the number of R&D people has significantly increased, while the output of sci-technological innovation ability and R&D funds have a little positive impact. 2) The transmission mechanism of R&D population has a positive impact on housing prices through direct effect and partial mediation effect. 3)Considering regional heterogeneity, the increase of R&D population in all provinces also has pushed up housing prices, and the undeveloped regions have greater effects on housing prices. 4) In the seven provinces with developed sci-technological innovation ability, R&D personnel have "aggregation effect" and other provinces have "spillover effect".

Abstract:Financial restatement runs counter to the positive expectations of information users and reduces their trusting beliefs in the firms. When trust violation occurs, firms may adopt multiple strategies to restore trust both in speech and in behavior. This paper studies the trust repair strategy of listed companies after financial restatement from the perspective of behavior. Firstly, the status quo of financial restatement of A-share companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2012 to 2015 is analyzed. Then, the status quo and attribution characteristics of trust restoration of enterprises are analyzed from the perspectives of management change, directors' change, accounting firm change and good news announcement. The result of the paired test shows that:after the financial restatement, the quantity and frequency of the three kinds of trust repair behavior, including the change of the management, the change of the directors and the publication of the good information, were significantly greater than before the financial restatement, and the quantity and frequency of the change in accounting firms did not differ significantly; while for the control group, the result of the test of the above-mentioned four kinds of behavior was not significantly different. The results show that, after the financial restatement, the listed companies will take various actions based on internal reasons to actively repair the trust damage suffered by the restatement behavior instead of attributing the trust violation behavior to the accounting firm's fault.

Abstract:Initial trust plays a key role in engineering construction and is the basis of the relationship between owners and contractors. In order to analyze the motivational mechanism of initial trust between owners and contractors, the authors construct the mechanism model of the initial trust between the owners and the contractors with the factors of trust propensity, faith of the trust, the characteristics of the trustee, the institutional trust and the trust motivation, and conduct the questionnaire survey and empirical analysis of structural equation model from the view of the owners. The result shows that the institutional trust, characteristics of the trustee and trustful faith of the trustor have a clearly positive effect on the trust motivation, and the characteristics of the trustee has a significant effect on motivation of the trustor, while the trust propensity of trustor has little influence on motivation of the trust. The result reveals the important insights on the building of initial trust of the owners towards contractors.

Abstract:It is necessary to strengthen the think tank governance to build up new think tanks with Chinese characteristics. This paper puts forward a governance structure of think tank and its influencing factors based on inside and outside governance of think tanks. Think tank governance comprises the governance over the products, a single think tank and competitions of think tanks. These three types of think tank governance intensify and affect mutually. The fundamental factor of think tank governance lies in think tank products' policy-oriented, imperfect, imprecisely measured nature, and the conditional factors include the backward build-up of think tank industry, the lack of human resources of think tanks. It suggests that the governance should start from both inside and outside the think tanks, centering around the build-up, improvement of the appraisal system of think tank products and think tank, to build a impartial open diversified mechanism of market competition and need, to clarify the right, responsibility, obligations, and punishment of think tanks and think tank staff according to the laws and policies, and to take diversified, comprehensive measures to cultivate professional talents of think tanks. Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, the governance over think tanks, think tank industry and market should be strengthened to really fulfill the new tasks and new requirements which Chinese think tanks are endowed with by the development blue print, and to really, strongly promote the modernization of national governance system and governance capacity.

Abstract:The restoration of the ecological environment by criminals in environmental crimes is of great significance for the purpose of achieving penalties and environmental protection purposes. However, the judicial interpretation has set many thresholds for the application of the restoration of the ecological environment in sentencing, so that the application rate of the restoration of the ecological environment as a sentencing episode is low, and it cannot perform its due function. The criminal's restoration of the ecological environment reflects the reduction of personal danger and social harm, which is also the theoretical basis for the application in sentencing. At the same time, the application of repairing the ecological environment in sentencing is also the need for the development of legal interest recovery theory and criminal legitimacy theory. In order to achieve the purpose of punishment and the purpose of environmental protection, it is necessary to clarify the concept and content of criminals' repairing of ecological environment, relax the conditions for application of restoration of the ecological environment, and promote the restoration of the ecological environment to play its due function.

Abstract:In the death penalty review procedure in China, the lack of legal aid, the difficulty of exercising the right to defend, the lack of attention to defense opinions, the lack of legal regulations and the poor operability are urgently needed to be improved. Taking the full coverage of criminal defense legal aid as an opportunity to improve the death penalty review procedure, the main path is to construct a mandatory defense system for the death penalty review procedure in China and speed up the legal revision of mandatory defense, to clarify the legal consequences of procedure violation, the requirements of reasoning in judicial documents, the protection of lawyer's practice right, the exercise of opposition rights and other matters, and provide guidance on relevant operational litigation rules.

Abstract:With the advent of the intelligent society, artificial intelligence is widely used in various fields of society, and the level of intelligence is constantly improving. The crime problems related to it gradually move towards the focus of theory and practice. Artificial intelligence has impacted the dual structure of the subject and object of criminal theory, which led to extensive discussion and controversy. To explore the criminal law status of artificial intelligence should change the analysis way of combining the subjectivity and ability, and distinguish between the two levels of illegality and responsibility. It should be based on the development stage of artificial intelligence, and it is clear that artificial intelligence still belongs to weak artificial intelligence at this stage, so it cannot become a criminal or a victim, nor can it have the capacity for responsibility or take criminal responsibility. However, artificial intelligence is increasingly likely to be the object of crime, and related crimes of natural person and legal person should also be taken seriously. The discussion of criminal problems related to artificial intelligence should be based on the basic position and theoretical paradigm of doctrine.

Abstract:It should be concretely judged for the crimes caused by self-driving automobiles. If self-driving automobiles cause casualties and make properties with a relatively large amount be damaged, conduct subject should be defined. The conduct subject of self-driving automobiles of help-driving type is the help-driver. The conduct subject of self-driving automobiles of completely automatic type is the manufacturer of the automobile. When we judge the crimes caused by self-driving automobiles of help-driving type, the driving conducts of the help-drivers are different crimes in terms of the concrete forms of their intention and negligence. When we judge the crimes caused by self-driving automobiles of completely automatic type, the conducts of the manufacturer of the automobile are only crime of negligent homicide or crime of negligently causing serious injury and are only conduct crime. The core of judgment is the care duty and care ability of the manufacturer.

Abstract:Artificial intelligence criminal risk does not belong to a transpersonal risk type. By questioning the subjective illusion of AI's criminal risk perception one by one, we can know that transpersonal risk can be divided into phenomenon risk at the factual level and the legal risk at the normative level. Beyond the scope of design and programming, the serious social harmful behavior of intelligent products is only a kind of pure fact phenomenon risk. What blocks the evaluation of criminal liability of AI products is the lack of experience summary of life emotion in AI technology itself. Applying penalty norms to AI products lacks practical significance, and in-depth learning relies on the basic output of human thinking mode. Legislative imputation of AI criminal risk should establish the subordinate nature of restriction, that is, to limit the existence of AI risk of permissibility and transcendence, and to clarify that AI criminal risk belongs to the subject of natural person. Then, it can lay a theoretical foundation for the scientific exploration of criminal law legislation in the era of artificial intelligence.

Abstract:Since the 18th CPC National Congress, President Xi Jinping has mentioned the concept of cultural confidence many times, on which he has made a series of important speeches illustrating the significance of cultural confidence on national development, national rejuvenation, and people's happiness. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, where the topic of how to consolidate cultural confidence is still "a matter of rise and fall of nations, a matter of cultural security, and a matter of the independence of the national spirit". To answer and solve this problem, we should correctly handle the relations between "principles and pursuits of interest, old and new, inside and outside, similarities and differences, front and back", namely insist on people-oriented development and reach the harmony of social benefits and economic returns; adhere to the guiding role of Marxism and push forward the innovative transformation and creative evolution of China's traditional culture; firmly resist the erosion and impact of erroneous Western ideological trends and strengthen the power of discourse in international affairs; enhance the protection and promotion of cultural heritage to pass on the continuity of China's cultural development; draw lessons from history to continue the past and open up the future and unswervingly walk on the path of Chinese socialism.

Abstract:Socialism has gone through a process from theory to practice, and theory and practice hand in hand during its development of more than 500 years. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is a result of the development of socialist theory and practice. There are inherent logical connections and consistency between them both in theory and practice. Through combing the connections and consistency, this paper reveals that Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is an inevitable result of the development of socialism in China and the latest achievement of Sinicization of Marxism. It also shows that Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is an innovation of Marxism and its socialist theory.

Abstract:The professional identity of grass-roots civil servants is of great significance to the team construction of civil servants and the modernization of national governance. Through a questionnaire survey of 760 civil servants, this study finds that the professional identity of grass-roots civil servants includes three dimensions:professional behavior input, professional development identity and professional value identity, showing a circle structure with value identity as the core, behavior input as the outer layer and development identity as the middle layer; the level of professional identity of grass-roots civil servants is close to a higher level, but the level of professional development identity is low; different types of grass-roots civil servants show some differences in professional identity, among which the professional identity of young civil servants is significantly lower than that of middle-aged and old civil servants, and that of lower rank civil servants is lower than that of higher rank civil servants. Further analysis finds that the professional identity of grass-roots civil servants can positively predict job performance, and negatively predict turnover intention. On this basis, this study puts forward some suggestions to improve the professional identity of grass-roots civil servants.

Abstract:The Marxist historiography school has the vision of "non slavery" and "slavery" in studying the ancient Chinese history. As one of the pioneers of Marxist historiography in the study of ancient Chinese history, different from Guo Moruo's definition of China's ancient times as a "slavery society" from the perspective of "slavery theory", Ji Wenfu went from "long-term feudalism" to "the precocity of ancient Chinese society", "the early formation of the country" and "the feudal age of the primitive country", denied the basis of the "slavery theory" in ancient China. It is based on his profound accomplishment and the theory of "non slavery" in China in the mainstream academic circles of the Soviet Union during his study in Moscow Sun Yat-sen University, and based on the discussion of the definition of "slavery", the differentiation between the existence of slaves and the definition of slavery and slave society, the investigation of identity of workers in the Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty, and the consideration of the important position of clan system in the evolution of ancient Chinese society. In addition to the expansion of the academic team, the academic debate based on different understandings of historical materialism and the exploration of research diversity are also indispensable to the academic reconstruction of Chinese Marxist historiography. Slavery society is not the only way for Marxist historiography to explore ancient Chinese civilization. No matter the theory of "slavery", "non slavery" or the formation of early state, it must be based on solid theoretical discussion and material support. We should learn from each other's strengths and pay attention to the research results of the other party.

Abstract:Does "Xia Dynasty" exist? At present, the academic circles have completely different views on the existence of the "Xia Dynasty". These disputes not only originate from scholars' different perceptions of the explanatory power of "historical materials"; they also originate from the disciplinary roots of history, that is, the purpose of history is to understand and explain the past, thereby affecting the future. Understanding and explaining the past not only has a strong subjectivity and purpose, but because history is not a science and cannot be a science, it leads to multiple ways and methods of understanding and interpretation of the past. Therefore, whether the "Xia Dynasty" has been existed is not a question of historical facts or historical materials, but a question of epistemology. These uncertainties in historical research are not the shortcomings of history research, but the charm of history research.

Abstract:The internet age and the rapid development of network information technology have built cyberspace. As a social public space with the most contemporary significance, cyberspace has bred a new way of human virtual existence and the form of social existence of virtual society. Cyberspace and the space turn have expanded the ideological and political education horizon. The study of ideological and political education in cyberspace is a new field full of temptation and vitality. Cyberspace provides a new practical environment for ideological and political education governance in colleges and universities. The ideological and political education governance of colleges and universities in cyberspace is an important part of the modernization of state governance system and governance capacity. At present, the ideological and political education governance of colleges and universities in cyberspace is faced with many challenges, such as the multiple pressures of cyberspace ideology, the dilemma of extension of traditional ideological and political education to cyberspace, and the anomie of college students' thoughts and behaviors. The ideological and political education in colleges and universities must adapt to the requirements of the development of internet, strengthen the consciousness of the problems of cyberspace, carry out the fundamental task of setting high moral values and cultivating person, and maintain the ideological security of colleges and universities. It is very important to put forward a more explanatory, influential and persuasive network ideological and political education governance composition from the new level of cyberspace to seek solutions. Based on Marxism system thought and human subjectivity ideology, the innovation and development of ideological and political education governance in colleges and universities based on cyberspace is embodied in four aspects:system reconstruction and collaborative construction, information production and supply and demand balance, order regulation and vitality creation, dynamic opening and value dialogue, so as to achieve the innovation of ideological and political education governance ideas, methods, paths and mechanism. Among them, idea innovation is the fundamental, method innovation is the key, path innovation is the foundation, mechanism innovation is the guarantee.

Abstract:In the report of the 19th National Congress of CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the strategic policy of building a healthy China, in which he emphasized the need of improving the national health policy, providing all-round and full-cycle health services for citizens, adhering to prevention-oriented and advocating a healthy and civilized lifestyle. In recent years, the number of people with autism spectrum disorders has increased year by year, and families with autism spectrum disorders are facing more and more challenges. In most families with autism spectrum disorders, mental pressure is even greater besides heavy financial pressure. In order to fulfill the requirements of building "healthy China" and improving the life quality of autism spectrum disorder group, we propose establishing a social support system alleviating the mental stress of the autism spectrum disorder patients and their families through intervention. With certain training strategy and humanistic care from the whole society, we believe that autism spectrum disorder patients are educatable and their lives can be more positive.