Abstract:Ecological environment governance is one of the core goals of high-quality development. In order to control pollution, the Chinese government has formulated many environmental policies, and incorporated the construction of ecological civilization into the overall layout of national development, which shows that the Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental governance, and also shows the severity of China's environmental governance. The environment is a typical public good, with a strong negative externality, the consumption of the environment is non-competitive and non-exclusive. As a rational "economic person", the government has the preference to pursue the maximization of its own interests. The characteristics make the government's rights and responsibilities are not clear in the process of governance of the environment, the lack of environmental governance power and other issues are not uncommon, to a certain extent, aggravating the difficulty of environmental governance. As an important means of environmental governance, can environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation stimulate the motivation of local government environmental governance and reduce the level of environmental pollution from the perspective of incentive mechanism and accountability mechanism? This paper explores the impact of environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation on environmental governance, and analyzes the dynamic mechanism of environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation on environmental governance, on this basis, taking 27 central cities in the Yangtze River Delta as a sample, selecting municipal panel data from 2003 to 2019, using the dual difference method to empirically test the impact of environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation on environmental governance, and verifying the research results of this paper through the tendency score matching method, dynamic effect test, placebo test, etc., and puts forward relevant policy suggestions. Environmental decentralization encourages the government to carry out environmental governance, effectively reduces the level of environmental pollution in the Yangtze River Delta, and environmental decentralization has obvious lagging effect on environmental pollution in the third phase of environmental pollution, and its impact is long-term. Compared with environmental decentralization, environmental protection legislation has a weaker effect on environmental pollution in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, and is tested through dynamic effect testing, increased control variables and placebo testing, etc., to make the results more reliable; It is worth noting that the environmental pollution control momentum of the combination of environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation and policies is more significant, and the inhibition effect of the two policy combinations on environmental pollution is higher than the policy impact of the two separately. Therefore, the article puts forward corresponding environmental governance policy suggestions from the aspects of establishing regional environmental coordination and governance linkage, strengthening the construction of the rule of law, and encouraging environmental governance of various entities, continuing to give play to the role of environmental decentralization in long-term commitment to pollution, improving the regional environmental protection legislation standard system, strengthening the interactive effect of cooperative governance between environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation, and enhancing the driving force of environmental governance. This paper analyzes the dynamic mechanism of environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation on environmental governance from the perspective of the municipal level, and conducts a series of empirical tests to enrich the research on environmental governance at the municipal level, and verifies the impact of environmental decentralization and environmental protection legislation on environmental governance through multi-angle robustness test, providing useful reference for local governments to govern the environment.

Abstract:Market mechanism plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources. A unified large market can enable the free flow of goods and elements, thereby improving the efficiency of resource utilization and technological innovation, and promoting high-quality development. Local protectionism and market segmentation caused by the reform of fiscal decentralization system and the governance mode of promotion tournaments have inhibited the development of market integration and affected the promotion of regional technological innovation capability. Our government has been committed to building a domestic integrated market for many years. However, market segmentation and trade barriers between regions have always existed, which have greatly hindered the flow of factors and affected the development of scientific and technological innovation. The Yangtze River Delta region is the origin of breakthroughs in key core technologies and an important carrier of double circulation. Technological innovation is a new engine to promote the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. For this reason, this paper takes 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration as research samples. Firstly, the commodity market integration index, labor market integration index, capital market integration index and overall market integration index of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration are calculated by using relative price method, absolute deviation method and coefficient of variation method. Secondly, the multi index comprehensive evaluation system of regional innovation capability is established and the time series global principal component analysis method is used to calculate the technological innovation capability index of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. Finally, the panel threshold model is used to study the nonlinear impact of market integration and its segmentation types on regional technological innovation capability. The results are as follows:from the perspective of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration as a whole, commodity market integration can promote regional technological innovation capability, but its impact does not have a threshold effect; The impact of labor market integration and capital market integration on technological innovation has a single threshold effect; However, there are some differences between static analysis and dynamic analysis in the impact of market integration on technological innovation capability. From the perspective of urban agglomeration in the province, the market integration and commodity market integration of 9 cities in Jiangsu have a single threshold effect on technological innovation capability; The labor market integration of 9 cities in Zhejiang has a single threshold effect on technological innovation; The capital market integration of 8 cities in Anhui has a single threshold effect on technological innovation capability. The paper creatively expands the connotation of market integration into the integration of commodity, labor and capital markets. The regional heterogeneity existing among the three provinces and one city of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration is included in the study. The paper researches the non-linear impact of the market integration of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration on technological innovation. The conclusion of the paper has important reference value and guiding significance for effectively improving the market integration level and regional technological innovation capability of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.

Abstract:Economic agglomeration and Rural Revitalization are the key issues and practical demands of regional economics and development economics. Whether they can "complement each other" has attracted much attention. Although the task of poverty alleviation has now been completed, taking into account the objective fact that some key issues such as "poverty trap", "stubborn poverty" and "intergenerational transmission of poverty" still exist, the realization of sustained income growth of rural residents in traditional poverty-stricken areas is crucial to break the shackles of poverty and prevent poverty-returning in contiguous areas, and it has important academic value and practical significance. Under the theoretical framework of spatial economics, this paper discusses the impact mechanism of economic agglomeration on rural residents' income growth. We believe that economic agglomeration can affect the income growth of rural residents through spatial spillover effect, but it has significant spatial asymmetry characteristics for neighboring poor and non-poor counties. The impact of "economic agglomeration center" on the income growth of rural residents in the region has both scale effect and attenuation characteristics with distance. Taking 218 districts and counties in Sichuan and Chongqing, which have the most dynamic economy and relatively prominent poverty problems in the west, as a sample, this paper introduces the spatial weight matrix reflecting geographical and economic characteristics into the dynamic spatial Dobbin model for empirical test. It is found that the effect of economic agglomeration on increasing farmers' income and reducing poverty has the characteristics of path dependence and "snowball" in the time dimension, and has long-term positive direct effect and spillover effect, which can significantly promote the income growth of rural residents, but its short-term effect is not significant. The income growth of rural residents should still be the focus of local governments work and must be paid attention to in a long time. The results of the regression analysis of the traditional poverty-stricken counties and non-poor counties show that, the impact of economic agglomeration on the income growth of rural residents has typical spatial asymmetry. The impact of "economic agglomeration center" on the income growth of rural residents has obvious scale effect and attenuation characteristics with distance. Economic agglomeration not only fails to effectively enhance the income growth of rural residents in remote and deep poverty-stricken areas, but also further aggravates the deterioration of the income situation of local rural residents. It suggests that in the "post poverty alleviation period" when poverty eradication and Rural Revitalization are effectively connected, we should not only continue to strengthen the scope and depth of economic agglomeration and promote regional economic development, but also pay attention to the difference in poverty reduction effect of economic agglomeration between poor and non-poor counties, adjust policies reasonably, combine rural revitalization strategy with targeted poverty alleviation and deep poverty alleviation policies, in order to improve the income situation of rural residents in poor counties effectively.

Abstract:Scientific and reasonable adjustment of urban administrative division is an effective way to improve national governance capacity and promote local development, and the policy of "withdrawing counties into districts" is an important way of administrative division adjustment in recent years. Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle(abbr. CCEC) is positioned as an important economic center with national influence, so it needs to be systematically studied from both theoretical and empirical aspects whether the policy of "withdrawing counties into districts" can become a strong thrust for regional economic development. Based on the panel data of 101 sample counties from 2010 to 2019, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, this paper explores the impact of policy implementation on the economic development of CCEC through the double difference model from the perspective of the specific counties and the overall economic circle. So that we can comprehensively study and judge the impact of the policy of "withdrawing counties into districts" on economic development, zoning adjustment and industrial structure optimization. The results show that the implementation of the policy of "withdrawing counties into districts" has a significant role in promoting the development of county economies in CCEC, which can accelerate the process of economic development. The implementation effect of the policy of "withdrawing counties into districts" has obvious regional differences, among which the implementation effect of Chongqing is better than that of Sichuan. The promotion effect of policy implementation is short-term, and it needs to go through a certain adaptation period to fully allocate municipal resources to drive the development of county economy. The incentive effect will gradually weaken over time. Further mechanism analysis shows that industrial agglomeration effect plays a significant role in promoting the economic development of policy implementation areas. The implementation of the policy of "withdrawing counties into districts" can promote the economic development of CCEC by the industrial agglomeration effect brought by the expansion the city scale and the agglomeration of a large number of enterprises in the region. Industrial agglomeration effect can reduce transportation costs, improve information exchange and improve the efficiency of division of labor and cooperation, and accelerate the high-quality economic development of CCEC. To optimize and adjust the administrative division of CCEC, we should consider the development conditions of each region and implement the division adjustment policy according to local conditions; coordinate the economic development relationship between the central urban area and the surrounding counties, and timely adjust the functional orientation of the urban area and the development pattern of the county according to the future development plan of the region; improve the economic efficiency of policy implementation, scientifically and reasonably tap the potential of resources, and optimize the connotation of zoning adjustment. Starting from the theoretical hypothesis and through a series of empirical analysis and test, this paper makes an in-depth discussion on the economic effect of the county economic zoning adjustment of the typical inland economic growth pole, which is conducive to expand the research on the impact effect of zoning adjustment, and can provide a certain reference for the optimization of local government administrative zoning.

Abstract:Behind China's rapid economic growth is the widespread and severe environmental pollution problem. While ensuring my country's economic growth, reducing environmental pollutant emissions and achieving green and sustainable economic development have become one of the core goals of the current society, and strengthening technological innovation is the fundamental way to reduce environmental pollution. At the same time, promoting the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure is the fundamental way to realize the development of green economy. This article puts technological innovation, industrial structure upgrading and environmental pollution into the same analytical framework, and attempts to study the impact of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading on environmental pollution from a quantitative perspective. Based on the panel data of various provinces and cities in China (excluding Tibet, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) from 2004 to 2017, the article constructs a fixed effect model that includes technological innovation, industrial structure upgrading, and environmental pollution, and proposes that industrial structure upgrading is an intermediary variable of technological innovation affecting environmental pollution. It analyzes and verifies the direct and indirect effects of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading on environmental pollution, and empirically explores the impact of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading on environmental pollution. At the same time, comparative analysis is carried out at the national and regional levels. On the basis of verifying the validity of the previous hypothesis, comparing the empirical test results of different regions, we try to obtain more targeted research conclusions and policy enlightenment from the perspective of regional differences in China. The research results show that:from the perspective of direct effects, technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading can significantly reduce environmental pollution, and the intensity of the effect is inversely proportional to the level of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading, and the results of the sub-regional tests are the same; the effect of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading on reducing environmental pollution has shown obvious regional differences among the eastern, central and western regions. From the perspective of indirect effects, technological innovation can promote the upgrading of industrial structure to reduce environmental pollution, and the upgrading of industrial structure acts as an intermediary variable in the process of technological innovation to reduce environmental pollution. The sub-regional test results show that the eastern region has a complete mediation effect, the western region accounts for 27.46% of the mediation effect, and the central region has no significant mediation effect. The research results of the article have important implications for China's environmental pollution control:technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading are essential to reduce pollution emissions and improve environmental quality. The government needs to implement policies based on local conditions and give full play the direct and indirect effects of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading to reduce environmental pollution. While pursuing advanced industrial structure, the eastern region should play the core role of technological innovation in the upgrading of industrial structure; the central and western regions should accelerate the improvement of enterprise innovation capabilities and introduce production capital and technology-intensive industries to promote the transformation of industrial structure upgrading.

Abstract:In the theory of environmental economics, the Pollution Haven Hypothesis believes that the introduction of foreign capital will bring negative effect on the ecological environment of host countries, especially in developing country. Meanwhile, the problem of haze pollution in Chinese cities has become more serious in the process of economic development, and many of them have a high level of foreign investment utilization. In order to explore the impact of the introduction of foreign capital on China's ecological environment, based on the Generalized Spatial Two Stage Least Squares (GS2SLS) method and data of urban PM_2.5 concentration from optical satellite monitoring to measure, this paper analyzes the relationship between the capital stock of foreign direct investment, technology level and haze pollution in 276 Chinese cities during 2004-2018. The results indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between the capital stock of foreign direct investment and haze pollution, and the technical level is negatively correlated with haze pollution. After controlling the endogeneity problem, the regression results show that:An increase of 1% in the stock of foreign direct investment will increase the annual PM_2.5 concentration by 0.045%, while an increase of 1% in the number of patents granted will decrease the annual PM_2.5 concentration by 0.041%, foreign direct investment in central cities causes more haze pollution than that in eastern and western cities, while the improvement of technological level in western cities reduces more haze pollution than that in eastern and central cities. In addition, there are spatial spillover effects and temporal superposition effects of haze pollution in Chinese cities, which means haze pollution can transfer among cities and tends to get progressively worse. Further research results based on the mediating effect model show that the entry of foreign direct investment will have a negative spillover effect on domestic technology level, restrict the development of urban technology, which further leads to the aggravation of haze pollution. The results of threshold model show that every time the technology level of cities crosses a higher threshold, the impact of foreign direct investment on haze pollution will be reduced. Therefore, the state should set strict access standards for foreign direct investment and strictly control the inflow of polluting foreign investment. At the same time, investment in technology research should be strengthened, and cooperation between local enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises should be actively promoted, so as to improve the learning ability of Chinese enterprises to foreign advanced technologies, so as to better play the role of technological progress in the improvement of China's haze pollution. So that technological progress can play a more important role in the mitigation of haze pollution in China.

Abstract:Ideological risk prevention is a key area related to national rejuvenation, national sovereignty and cultural construction. Today, as artificial intelligence technology is booming, generative AI technology represented by ChatGPT has been penetrated into the society. And with the expansion of the depth and scope of its interactions, it has wrapped up with many ideological risks with new characteristics. The prerequisite of preventing the ideological risk of generative AI, such as ChatGPT, is to clearly identify its internal mechanism. It makes an infiltration into people's ideological value by virtue of its primary function, which is generating contents. It affects the discourse of people's ideology by virtue of a form of interaction and dialogue with them. It strongly gets involve in people's practices and their social life by virtue of the function of multi-dimensional application, eventually it has led to the current ideological struggle to be extremely controversial and ever-changing. The key to prevent the ideological risk of generative AI, such as ChatGPT, is to take rational examination and precise identification on it. From the perspective of ideological leader, the capital logic embedded in its operation mechanism deconstructs the cognition and values already formed by members of the society, and leads to the risk of ineffective ideological leadership due to the dual advantages of "technology-capital". From the perspective of ideological discourse, it provides a new discourse mode of "human-machine collaboration", which weakens the depth of mainstream ideological discourse. And its multiple generative discourse delivery has abated the authority of discourse, resulting in the risk of eroding ideological discourse. From the perspective of ideological management, the new paradigm of information dissemination triggered by generative AI has eliminated the dominant right of ideology management and strengthened its control over people, which brought about the risk of weakening ideological management. Generative AI, such as ChatGPT, takes technological iteration as an opportunity of the times, and on the material basis of advanced technology, it has led to a series of ideological risks with extensiveness, comprehensiveness and uncertainty. How to prevent the ideological risks brought about by ChatGPT and other generative AI has become a new topic that cannot be avoided in China's ideological construction. First, we must stick to the value of "putting the people first", regard Marxist theory as the guideline of ideological prevention, and promote the building of a cyberspace with human-machine harmony and clean air. Second, we need to build a discourse channel with Chinese characteristics, and break the modern dilemma of Western discourse on the basis of discourse of telling a good Chinese story. Lastly, we need to actively advocate for global governance and contribute to China's solutions. We must uphold the principle of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, rely on the carrier of a community with a shared future for mankind, and build a responsible landscape of artificial intelligence. By doing so, generative AI is prompted to show its bright future in the face of modern civilization.

Abstract:As a typical representative of generative artificial intelligence, Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) is a natural language processing and machine learning developed model, which is launched by OpenAI, an American artificial intelligence research laboratory. Hardly had ChatGPT swept the world and generated a profound discussion around the world when it first appeared. Generative AI, represented by ChatGPT, as the latest achievement in AI development, is a significant step further toward, aiming the goal of designing sentient and general artificial intelligence. With the development of generative AI and its extensive application, it is believed to be reshaping human beings and human society, and humans will suffer unprecedented challenges while enjoying the convenience brought by the new technology, prominently manifested in the alienation of human beings by generative AI, reshaping human interactions, human thinking, and human labor. The study of human alienation in the information age requires an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon of human alienation with a historical materialist approach, starting from Marx's prescriptions on the nature of human beings, and finding a breakthrough to deal with the crisis caused by artificial intelligence. Human nature has a threefold connotation:first, interaction is a unique manifestation of human nature, second, thinking is a realistic expression of human nature, and third, labor is an intrinsic provision of human nature. With the rapid development of cognitive technology and neuroscience, generative artificial intelligence, with its unique simulation ability, exhibits a corroboration of the alienation of human nature as described by Marx, that is, human creations threaten the development of human subjectivity, including:the alienation of human interaction triggered by human-machine interaction, data-based interaction, and digital existence; human-machine combination, reliance on intelligence, and machine production bring about "transcendent" human beings, "weakened" human beings, and "void" human beings; the alienation of human and object, human labor, etc. In the face of the crisis of human alienation caused by generative AI, there is an urgent need for the return and revival of value rationality in the age of intelligence, an urgent need to correctly understand the value and limits of generative AI, and an urgent need to pay attention to the ultimate care for human life. Therefore, to deepen the reflection on human alienation caused by generative AI, one is to reconstruct the instrumental properties of generative AI, that is, to recognize that AI is only a human tool, to recognize the uniqueness of the tool, and to make good use of artificial intelligence as a tool. The second is to examine the value and limits of generative AI, that is, we must return to human self-value, realize the self-value of AI, and pay attention to the limit of AI development. The third is the natural purpose of generative AI development, that is, to build a controllable, safe and reliable AI.

Abstract:Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the complex international environment of "world multi-polarization, social informationization, and cultural diversity" has bred the culture "rejection reaction" which was advocated by some Western countries, and the wrong arguments such as "China threat theory" has been occurred from time to time. To these questions, we should actively engage in in-depth cultural exchanges with foreign countries. The exchange and mutual learning of human civilizations is an important driving force for promoting the progress of human civilization and world peace and development. By seeking common ground while reserving differences, strengthening communication and understanding, and mutually absorbing the excellent achievements of various civilizations, Chinese excellent civilization should explore its modernity genes to "go global" and "welcome in" foreign excellent civilizations, to jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind. For the exchange of civilizations between China and foreign countries in the new era, we should have a profound understanding of the inherent meaning of "the beauty of each other:transcending cultural barriers through cultural exchange; the beauty of believing that others are excellent:transcending cultural conflicts through mutual learning of civilizations; beautiful together:transcending cultural superiority through coexistence of civilizations". We should vigorously highlight the era value of the new era, that is, "realistic needs:promoting the Chinese path to modernization; meaning of the topic:helping to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; appeal of the times:promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind". We should actively promote the practice approach of "strengthening cultural communication to promote the integration of civilizations, always adhering to the main force of Chinese excellent traditional culture; carrying out people to people cooperation, developing common culture to promote cultural connectivity; practicing the "Belt and Road Initiative "to build a civilized road, carrying out people to people cooperation to promote diversified exchanges, adhering to the government's leading role in broadening communication channels and handling the relationship between the central ‘top-level design’ and the local ‘trial-and-error’" in the new era. On the basis of mutual equality, openness and inclusivity, we will continuously promote cultural exchanges and mutual learning with countries around the world, purposefully and systematically deepen cultural exchanges and cooperation with other countries, promote mutual learning between Chinese and foreign civilizations through exchanges, and promote development through mutual learning. This will promote the "going out" of Chinese civilization and the "welcoming in" of world excellent civilizations, and promote deep exchange and integration of civilizations from all over the world, let the consciousness of a community with a shared future for mankind take root in various countries around the world, and build a solid public opinion and social foundation for the exchange of civilizations between China and foreign countries.

Abstract:Material abundance and cultural-ethical enrichment are the fundamental requirements of socialist modernization and the basic connotation of common prosperity. The common prosperity of spiritual life is not nihilistic and fantasy. Only in the exploration of socialism with Chinese characteristics can it become a reality. The Socialism with Chinese characteristics development path initiated by the CPC has remarkable advantages, which provides strategic advantages for enriching the people's spiritual world. The leadership of the Party in cultural construction, Marxism and its innovation theory of China, cultural governance with Chinese characteristics, cultural prosperity and development in the new era, and the excellent genes of Chinese culture provide a strong guarantee for the richness of the spirit of the new era and new journey. Giving full play to these remarkable advantages will certainly promote the achievement of common prosperity in spiritual life. The leadership of the Party in cultural construction provides a strong political guarantee for achieving common prosperity of spiritual life, which is the greatest advantage for achieving common prosperity of spiritual life. We should strengthen the party's leadership, give full play to the core advantages of the party's leadership in cultural construction, raise the construction of spiritual civilization to a more prominent position, straighten out the party's leadership and management system for the construction of spiritual civilization, and continuously promote the reform of spiritual culture under the leadership of the party. Marxism and its Chinese innovation theory provide scientific guidance for achieving common prosperity of spiritual life. We should strengthen the theoretical cohesion, give full play to the ideological advantages of Marxism and its Chinese innovation theory, promote the ideal form of human spiritual world into reality with the theoretical innovation of Marxism, promote the coordinated development of material civili.

Abstract:The Tsinghua Bamboo Slips The Law of Existenceand Extinction of a State discusses the Confucian thought of popular support through the concept of military science and ways of speaking. The text is clear and very important in the integration of military and Confucianism, as well as in the history of pre-Qin Confucianism. Confucius' thought is open and diverse, and his military thought implies the attitudes of Mencius and Xunzi,also and other Confucian scholars' attitude of war and military science. Among them, the mainstream Confucian scholars in pre-Qin period, represented by Mencius, strongly criticized war, lacked common knowledge of war, opposed military thought and denied the objective role of war in the historical process. The The Law of Existenceand Extinction of a State proposes that "Popular Support as the Tactical" and uses the concept of military science to express Confucian thoughts on popular support. Obviously, this is not a work of Mencius or Mencius. In the late Warring States period, Xunzi adhered to Confucianism, actively understood war, and actively studied the military systems and weapons of various countries. Especially Xunzi actively and fully absorbed the military thought, such as valuing the role of generals, valuing the timing of battles, and valuing the value of rewards and punishments in military governance. In Xunzi's military theory, the specific operational aspects of how to win are no less than the famous military books at that time. On this basis, Xunzi regarded these military techniques as important ways to achieve the Confucian military and political doctrines. It was precisely through his full absorption of military ideology that he completed the culmination of the Confucian theory of military. From the perspective of the history of pre-Qin Confucianism, the emergence of On Military Affairs of Xunzi was not accidental. Documents such as The Law of Existenceand Extinction of a State were the concrete efforts of pre-Qin Confucians before Xunzi to integrate military ideology, and were the precursor of Xunzi's discussion of military. The clue of the fusion of military thought by pre-Qin Confucianism has always been hidden and not obvious, and the discovery of The Law of Existenceand Extinction of a State has made this hidden line known to the academic community, and may have activated some Confucian literature on military that has been misunderstood for a long time, which has very important academic significance for enriching the understanding of Confucianism.

Abstract:The Song Dynasty was a critical stage for the fluctuation and reconstruction of Confucius's status. After the chaos of the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Confucianism was on the brink of collapse in the general understanding of early Song society, and the social status of Confucius, as the sage of Confucianism, fell along with the decline of Confucianism. Meanwhile, there was a continuous rise in the secular cognition of Buddhism and of the status its figures. During the Southern Song period, Confucius's status continued to decline, while the effect of Buddhism went far beyond it. In the social life, many architectures dedicated to Confucius were in disrepair, and the ceremonies for worshiping Confucius were often neglected and abandoned for years, and in art forms such as painting and sculpture, Confucius's status was challenged by the figures of Taoism and Buddhism. There were even actors who portrayed Confucius in plays. Both Confucius's intangible thoughts and his tangible statues faced the dilemma of losing their original reliance and status. In order to restore the status of Confucius and the authority of Confucianism, literati and officialdom of the Song Dynasty made unremitting efforts. For example, Wang Anshi achieved great innovation and surpassed the sages in Confucianism and could be compared to Confucius and Mencius; the Cheng brothers established the "Luo School" based on the wisdom of Confucius and Mencius, and spread it through subsequent generations. The evolution of Confucianism was culminated by Zhu Xi in the Southern Song Dynasty, whom developed the Neo-Confucianism into a comprehensive ideological system known as the "Li School", which equaled the contribution of Confucius. Confucians also used academies and county schools to elevate Confucius's status and compete with Buddhism and Taoism for survival space. Emperor Lizong of the Southern Song Dynasty officially elevated "Neo-Confucianism" to the orthodox position of official learning, while also being enthusiastic of Buddhism, which marked an important shift in the cognitive shift between Confucianism and Buddhism. Many scholars also favored equal emphasis on Confucianism and Buddhism, and respect all the three religions. Subsequently, the long-standing trend of imbalance in the development of Confucianism and Buddhism underwent significant changes, and the status of Confucianism and Buddhism was readjusted and reestablished, and both moved towards a balanced development trend, which made the status of Confucius rise again, and once again laid an unshakable status for Confucius and his doctrine in later generations.

Abstract:Since ancient Greek Socrates put forward "not beautiful, bad rhythm, disharmony, are due to bad language and bad temperament; beauty, good rhythm and harmony are all due to the wisdom and kindness of the soul", rhythm has always been the basic problem of Chinese and Western poetics and promoting the development of poetry art. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic demonstration of the elements and formation principles of rhythm in Chinese poetry. Starting from the language "dynamic basis" proposed by Sapir, this paper compares the "dynamic characteristics" of Chinese and English, and makes a comprehensive investigation of Chinese ancient and modern poetry to find that the rhythm of Chinese poetry is characterized by "disyllabification". On the explicit level, "disyllabification" is the most common standard combination, such as "startled by magpies leaving the branch in moonlight, I hear cicadas shrill in the breeze at midnight". On the implicit level, it is shown as "lengthening" of single tone, "shortening" of triple tone, and forced syncopation of beyond three tone to approach the duration of double tone, such as "in lagging spring, hills and rivers look fair; in vernal breeze, plants and flowers spew scents". A slight pause in a poem can highlight, reinforce the effect of "disyllabification" and form a "prosodic boundary". Chinese function words and "word length flexibility" are efficient grammatical tools to support the combination of "disyllabification". "Disyllabification", "pause", "function word" and "word length flexibility" can be called the four elements of Chinese poetry rhythm. As dissyllables are the most efficient combination method in Chinese, the dissyllables in the modern Chinese lexicon account for an overwhelming majority-more than 90% according to Lv Shuxiang's statistics. Therefore, more than half of the Chinese poems or lines are naturally dissyllabic structures. By taking "disyllabification" as the core and further utilizing grammatical means such as Chinese function words, "word length flexibility" and "recessive disyllabification", the rhythm of Chinese poetry can be effectively configured and formed, thus it can be called "diphonic derived" rhythm. The rhythm of Chinese poetry has three advantages. Firstly, the configuration is easy, because the "disyllabification" of the Chinese language is extremely strong. Secondly, the sense of rhythm is strong, because the slight pauses in the verse create very clear "prosodic boundary". Thirdly, it is more orderly, because the writing and pronunciation of Chinese characters have the characteristics of "equal length" and "equal time", and the disyllabification structure in Chinese has a significant advantage, which is different from English, whose words have different lengths and pronunciations. Therefore, Chinese has the characteristics of a natural poetic language.

Abstract:Historically, the iteration of "hacker" to "artificial intelligence hacker" was accompanied by the rapid development of science and technology, such as computer, internet, big data and artificial intelligence.Nowadays, "artificial intelligence hacker" is a human-computer interaction, which is neither a person nor a thing. It can imitate human beings, interfere with human cognition, and intelligently invade and destroy network system vulnerabilities for the purpose of designers or decision makers.The main feature of "artificial intelligence hacker" is that it can rely on intelligent algorithms to learn autonomously, find network system code vulnerabilities and strengthen distributed attacks.Some scholars divide artificial intelligence technology into three stages:weak artificial intelligence, strong artificial intelligence and super artificial intelligence. Some scholars even suggest that strong artificial intelligence be given the legal subject status ethically, because strong artificial intelligence algorithm has independent "machine meaning" expression ability and has emotional connection with human beings.Obviously, this way of empowerment violates the principle of "humanism". Also, the current legal subject includes natural person, legal person, unincorporated organization, "artificial intelligence hacker" does not belong to any kind of subject, abruptly equating the rational expression of legal subjects with the "machine meaning" of artificial intelligence algorithm instructions can easily lead to difficulties in algorithmic justice legal evaluation and civil legal behavior construction of "artificial intelligence hacker" behavior, interfering with our judgment on the nature of "artificial intelligence hacker". The legal attribute of "artificial intelligence hacker" should be judged based on legal rights and obligations. In essence, "artificial intelligence hacker" is a natural person who uses network media to commit network infringement or crime through artificial intelligence algorithm technology.The core of "artificial intelligence hacker" is a set of mechanism for making decisions through computer code setting, big data operation and automatic judgment of machines. "Artificial intelligence hacker" is not a proper legal subject in terms of responsibility, but has a special legal attribute of "personality tool".The intelligent attack of "artificial intelligence hacker" is manifested by the automatic execution of the algorithm program, but the design and operation of the program belong to people in real economic life, which also fully conforms to the adjustment scope of indirect infringement in law. For criminal acts or infringement of "artificial intelligence hackers", the hidden subject and object can be regulated by law should be found through piercing the "veil" of "artificial intelligence hacker", and the "penetration" method should be used for the effective regulation of illegal behaviors of "artificial intelligence hackers" from the dimensions of ethics, technology and law.

Abstract:Personal information infringement damage stems from infringement of rights and interests relating to personal information or other personal and property rights and interests, and the new characteristics and complex forms of damage have caused relief difficulties. Constrained by the inability of traditional damage concept to respond to the actual needs of risk governance in the information society, personal information infringement risky damage (increased risk of future harm, costs of risk prevention, anxiety about the increased risk of future harm) faces difficulties when seeking relief based on traditional theory of infringement damage. Resolving the problem of personal information infringement risky damage relief requires both theoretical support and methodological guidance. The compensability of risky damage can be justified because the risk conforms to the qualitative prescriptiveness of damage (the essential attribute of legal disinterest) and the quantitative prescriptiveness (conforms to specific legal standards), and it is the objective need to realize the multiple functions of tort law in the era of big data and conforms to the logical deduction of the legal system. The cognizance of risky damage can be based on dynamic system theory as the methodological basis for interest balancing, the "substantial risk standard" and "reasonableness standard" constitute the basic evaluation in the dynamic system theory analysis framework, and the type and quantity of personal information, the purpose, method, duration of information processing, the circumstances of risk prevention measures taken and the impact consequences and so on are the elements in the dynamic system theory analysis framework, and the relevant elements should be comprehensively measured in specific cases and judged in combination with corresponding legal standards.

Abstract:E-CNY is distinct from private digital currency, Chinese Yuan in cash and mobile payment with many characteristics. The amount of cases about currency crimes in China has not decreased with the extensive usage of mobile payment. Conversely, it has a tendency of rising these years on the whole. The situation resulted in the increase of the legislative and applicative values of the currency crimes on the whole. Referring to e-CNY, we could adopt a reform scheme about the currency crimes which is the combination of legislative amendment, interpretation of criminal law and theory innovation. It concretely includes the following ways:canceling the application of altering currency crime and coping with the conduct of altering e-CNY in terms of counterfeiting currency crime; revising related low-rank normative documents about counterfeiting currency crime and newly interpreting related constitutive elements. When this crime is applied, we should note that counterfeiting currency crime is a conduct crime, whose accomplished situation does not require a result such as entry into circulation or completion of payment, and this applies to e-CNY. In the case of e-CNY, the purpose of circulation should be retained rather than removed from the subjective constituent elements of the crime. Severer penalties should be imposed on professional offender of counterfeiting e-CNY; the application of holding fake currency crime and transporting fake currency crime should be canceled, and the conducts of holding and transporting fake e-CNY should be decriminalized; buying fake currency crime, selling fake currency crime and using fake currency crime could be applied to e-CNY. However, we should note that the subjective constituent elements of purchasing counterfeit currency crime requires the purpose of circulation, whereas the subjective constituent elements of selling counterfeit currency crime does not require such a purpose. In the case of using counterfeit currency crime, the judgement of whether a certain conduct is using must be based closely on "entering into circulation". All conduct forms leading to the entry into circulation of counterfeit currency, including payment of consideration, repayment of debts, provision to others as a deposit, verification of registered capital, exchange, gift, deposit in a financial institution, exchange for real currency, etc., are considered to be using, but mere presentation and entrustment for safekeeping are not considered to be using. While judging whether fake e-CNY is in circulation, the term "possession" which is closely related to tangible objects should not be used, but the term "domination" which has a stronger abstract meaning should be used. Specifically, when another person obtains dominion over counterfeit currency from a conductor by means of electronic payment or decrypts the encrypted data of counterfeit currency and is able to dominate it at will, the counterfeit currency enters into circulation. When the conduct of using fake e-CNY of a conductor ostensibly constitutes both using fake currency crime and the fraud crime, the relationship between the two crimes is not coincidence of articles but imaginative concurrence. In accordance with the principle that imaginative concurrence should be sentenced on the basis of the most serious crime, the conduct's conduct should be deemed to be using counterfeit currency crime which has a severer statutory penalty.

Abstract:Whether digital assets represented by Bitcoin are monies determines whether they are constrained by public and private laws related to monetary payment. Digital assets do not depend on the fiat money system, do not limit scope of using, and have strong nature of decentralization, which bring greater challenges to the definition of the concept of money. In the case that the existing law only stipulates that Renminbi is the legal tender, and only provides the extension of money for "monetary form" and "monetary asset", China's regulatory stance that digital assets are not monies fails to follow the principle of same business, same risk and same supervision, so it is difficult to protect the payment expectation of the parties and promote further innovation in digital payment. Based on the unclear positioning of the country and the market in the monetary circulation as well as the purposes differences among different legal branches, it is not suitable for the monetary theories in economics and sociology to directly define the legal concept of money. Besides, the quasi-monetary theory and the monetary identity theory created by legal scholars also have many limitations in the preconditions and the scope of application. The modern monetary payment system has formed the stratified characteristics of fiat money, payment means denominated in fiat money, as well as payment means not denominated in fiat money. The monetary stratification system is essentially a mixture of state and market as well as public and private, with the state at the top of the system and fiat money as the most creditworthy type of money. Under that system, the legal concept of money is not identical, nor can it be limited to fiat money. Instead, the legal connotation of money should be defined as "element of payment system" which is used to pay off monetary debts and can be generally accepted. This connotation may distinguish money from investment instrument, monetary medium, and means of payment that are accepted by only a few people or within a small area. More specifically, referring to the relevant market and market share theories under the anti-monopoly law, the generally accepted market range can be identified from sub-service market, using accessibility, another money which may be replaced, while the generally accepted degree can be identified through the stabilization mechanism of monetary value and the number of merchants accepting the money. On the other hand, the legal denotation of money includes fiat money which has the legal tender effect under the Constitution and the central bank law, and other means of payment which has the effect of payment supervision under the payment service law and anti-money laundering law, or has the effect of monetary property under the law of collection of administrative expenses as well as property protection. More specifically, with the rise of digital assets and central bank digital currencies, the composition of the monetary stratification system is richer, and the number of monies with the effect of payment supervision and monetary property will increase.

Abstract:In order to meet the demand for the supply of rules to stop infringement of personality rights in a timely manner, Article 997 of the Civil Code has added the injunction of personality right. However, the Civil Procedure Law, which has yet to be amended, does not provide a supporting procedure for this, and the Civil Code does not make corresponding provisions. So it is necessary to analyze how to construct the system of the injunction of personality right. The prerequisite for the construction of the system is to clarify its nature. But the academic community has not yet formed a consensus on the nature of the injunction of personality right:most hold that it is an interlocutory injunction, a minority of views hold that it is a perpetual injunction. Because of the fact that it is borrowed from foreign systems, the nature of the borrowed object and the corresponding rules are of great significance to the analysis of the nature of China's injunction of personality right and its construction. So this paper starts from the tracing of the system, combining the nature and function of the borrowed object and the local context of China, analyzing the nature of China's injunction of personality right and putting forward suggestions for its improvement. The injunction of personality right in China is derived from the injunction system under the common law, rather than directly from the interdictum or interdictum prohibitoria under the Roman law. The common law injunction system includes both permanent and temporary relief, as well as other orders issued by judges; both the content of property preservation and the content of act preservation, as well as the content of behavioral payment judgment. For the majority view, there are insufficient grounds treating the injunction of personality right as an interlocutory injunction. An injunction system that is not independent of litigation duplicates our established system. A more appropriate solution is to make the injunction of personality right independent of litigation, so that it has a relatively independent institutional function. Based on the balance between efficiency and justice, the court can issue both an interlocutory injunction quickly, and can also issue a perpetual injunction in a timely manner. In the same procedure, the court can first issue an interlocutory injunction to ask the parties to cease their conduct before the end of the procedure, then issue a perpetual injunction at the end of the procedure. The internal differences in the injunction of personality right should also lead to a corresponding distinction within the review procedure of it. In general, the review procedure for injunction of personality right should fall between litigation and non-litigation procedures, with a preference for non-litigation procedures in urgent cases or where an interlocutory injunction is granted, and a preference for litigation procedures in other cases. When examining application for an injunction of personality, the judge should determine whether the party is committing or is about to commit an illegal act that infringes on others' personality rights, and whether failure to stop it in time will cause irreparable damage to rights and interests. Meanwhile, the judge should take the public interest into consideration. An injunction of personality right takes effect upon service, and a party who is not satisfied with the decision may apply to a higher court for review, during which time the injunction remains in force. If the respondent does not comply with the injunction, the court may enforce the injunction in accordance with the rules of behavioral enforcement.

Abstract:Article 1232 of the Civil Code introduces a punitive damages system in the field of environmental infringement, which reflects the appropriate responsibility of the civil law for ecological and environmental public welfare protection. It is also a legal response to the concept of building a beautiful China proposed by the 19th National Congress. The punitive damages system originated in the Anglo-American legal system, aiming to punish and contain serious infringement behavior. The introduction of this system in the field of environmental infringement can stimulate the enthusiasm of the infringed party in environmental pollution and ecological damage cases through appropriate interest tilting, form a deterrent to ecological and environmental harm behavior, and become a supplement to the public law regulation of environmental harm behavior, indicating that China has constructed a stricter ecological environment protection system at the legislative level. However, it should be noted that, considering the actual effect of China's previous punitive damages system and its inherent attributes, the establishment of this system in the field of environmental infringement may also lead to potential negative effects such as increased risk of excessive litigation, excessive deterrence of production activities, and overlapping responsibilities of homogeneous systems. Therefore, it is necessary to interpret the text of the legal provisions, clarify the normative elements of punitive damages liability for environmental infringement, narrow the understanding of "law" in this provision, clarify the constituent elements of liability and the specific meaning of "the infringee". At the same time, to prevent the negative effects of the punitive damages system for environmental infringement, appropriate regulations should be made on the judicial application of this law. The specific path includes three aspects:adopting a legislative model of "fixed amount+flexible amount" for the amount of punitive damages in relevant implementation rules, and combining with typical cases of judicial application of punitive damages in existing fields, striving to unify the standards for measuring interests in each case; Integrate seemingly independent but homogeneous responsibilities set up for the same behavior, to avoid the overlapping application of this system with administrative fines and criminal fines, resulting in excessive legal responsibility for environmental hazards and violating the order principle of "punishment should be equivalent to responsibility"; In terms of the time scope for the application of punitive damages liability, judicial authorities should pay attention to combining relevant judicial interpretations and referring to the principles of "favorable traceability" of public law liability, following the concept of "legal rules take precedence over legal principles", and accurately determine the time scope for the application of the liability.

Abstract:Common prosperity is not only the essential regulation of socialism, but also an indispensable dimension for grasping and understanding the internal regulations of the Chinese path to modernization. In the historical development process of human modernization, capitalist modernization occupies a special position of pioneering demonstration, and is a category that cannot be bypassed in the study of modernization. The problem lies in the fact that capitalism takes capital multiplication as the central logic to form a strong suppression of the logic of human development, thus forming a sharp antagonistic contradiction between the accumulation of capital wealth and the accumulation of human poverty, and the social problem of workers getting poorer and poorer the more workers work has seriously constrained the sustainable development space of its modernization model. Marx profoundly understood and pointed out the contradictions inherent in capitalist modernization, and provided a scientific guiding theory for mankind to correct the deviation of capitalist modernization from the direction of human development. Although capitalist modernization has adopted time, space and welfare social policies to prolong its cycle of survival and development, such measures that do not touch the root causes of the contradictions of capitalist modernization have cured the symptoms but not the root causes, and workers can only fall into the impoverishment trend shaped by the framework of capital multiplication again. To this end, if mankind wants to eliminate paradoxical poverty and move towards a new path of modernization of common prosperity, it is necessary to innovate and expand along Marx's theory and Lenin's exploration. Under the guidance of Marxism, the Communist Party of China has inherited, developed and innovated socialist modernization in light of specific historical and national conditions, and formed the Chinese path to modernization oriented towards common prosperity. From the perspective of historical dimension, Chinese path to modernization has unique historical resources and magnificent historical processes, and the concept of common prosperity of the ancestors of the Chinese nation, the pursuit of common prosperity by people with lofty ideals in modern times, and the Marxist exploration of common prosperity together constitute the historical resources for its development, providing a unique historical connotation for the practice of common prosperity in socialist modernization. Through the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction, the century of magnificent exploration since the reform and opening up, and the new era, the Communist Party of China has injected and expanded the connotation of common prosperity into the formation and development of the Chinese path to modernization. The common prosperity dimension of the Chinese path to modernization means that the Communist Party of China has restored the subjectivity of workers within the framework of the socialist system, and the contradiction between the logic of capital multiplication and the logic of human development has been reconciled, that is, the common prosperity dimension of Chinese path to modernization not only has a far-reaching impact on socialist modernization, but also provides "Chinese wisdom" for mankind to explore the new form of civilization and a "Chinese plan" for latecomer countries to take a new path of modernization. It is an original modernization exploration of pioneering significance in the process of world historical development, which will profoundly affect and change the development trend of world history in the future.

Abstract:High-quality development and common prosperity are hot topics in the academic circle, which has conducted extensive and in-depth research on the promotion of high-quality development to common prosperity. Based on the existing research, this paper discusses high-quality development, common prosperity and their dialectical relationship. The research holds that:(1) High-quality development is the basic feature of China's economic development in the new era. It is put forward under the condition that economic development is in the new normal. With development as the core and high quality as the measurement yardstick, it is the all-round development of economic society. It is also characterized by the unity of quality and moderate economic growth, a unique development index system, a series of development strategies and so on. High-quality development is a key indicator of a country's comprehensive strength. (2) Common prosperity is an essential feature of socialism. Both the manifestation of the advantages of the socialist system and the building of a great modern socialist country should be based on common prosperity. Common prosperity is the common prosperity of all the people and the all-round prosperity of both material and spiritual life. To achieve common prosperity, some people are allowed to get rich first, and then the rich first drives the rich later, so as to achieve common prosperity. Common prosperity is first prosperity, and then prosperity of all the people together. Common prosperity means all-round prosperity, which means achieving prosperity both materially and spiritually. Common prosperity means that all people will share the fruits of development. (3) There is a dialectical relationship between high-quality development and common prosperity. First, high-quality development promotes common prosperity. Development is the prerequisite for prosperity, and high-quality development promotes common prosperity. Second, common prosperity is the result of high-quality development. Common prosperity is the direction and result of high-quality development, and it is the embodiment of high-quality development. Common prosperity driven by high-quality development is the guarantee for realizing Chinese-style modernization. Finally, high-quality development and common prosperity reinforce each other. High-quality development and common prosperity interact and influence each other. High-quality development affects the realization of common prosperity, and common prosperity affects the play of high-quality development. High-quality development contributes to common prosperity, and common prosperity also contributes to high-quality development. High-quality development is the premise and common prosperity is the goal. High-quality development and common prosperity are jointly driving the realization of Chinese-style modernization.