Volume 25,Issue 12,2002 Table of Contents

1 Self-exited Oscillation Vortex Chamber Watering Device

LIAO Zhen fang , DENG Xiao gang , LI Jun ,

2002, 25(12):1-3. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.001

[Abstract](787) [HTML](0) [PDF 204.12 K](1017)

Abstract:
A new type of watering device ,self exited oscillation vortex chamber watering device, is put forward.The jet is controlled by a circular vortex chamber,and self exited oscillation occurs due to a pressure difference between the left and right parts of vortex chamber. By the momentum balance of jet and the masses of air flowing into or out the chamber though air hole,the critical pressure and the time required for reaching the critical pressure can be calculated. This watering device has appropriate size of water drops and uniform water distribution.

2 Application of Function Analysis in Conceptual Design

DENG Lin , ZAN Xin wu , HUANG Mao lin , LIU Wei

2002, 25(12):4-6. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.002

[Abstract](965) [HTML](0) [PDF 271.28 K](142)

Abstract:
Product design is a procedure that enterprises meet the needs of consumers; conceptive design is one of the steps in product design and it directly considers requirements of consumers. So how to supply consumers with satisfying function is the essential point. On the basis of function analysis of Value Engineering, the paper puts forward a new method to exercise function definition and function analysis, implements conceptual product design procedure with database techniques.A new way is gotten to convert requirements to conceptual product.

3 State and Prospects of Physics-Based Free-form Surface Modeling

CHENG Si yuan , ZHANG Xiang wei , XIONG Han wei

2002, 25(12):7-10. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.003

[Abstract](800) [HTML](0) [PDF 360.84 K](259)

Abstract:
Physics based modeling is one of the keen free form surface modeling method at present, and it should be a practical surface modeling method in the future. In Physics based modeling, the object is viewed as a physics and not a pure geometry model. According to its physics principle and math representation, the physics based models are mainly classified into two types:energy model and dynamic Lagrangian model. The fundamental theory is introduced, and the principle, development and application state of each model is reviewed. To provide designer more naturally design ability and to introduce more flexible geometric modeling methods are the prospect of future researches on physics based free form surface modeling is outlined at last.

4 Dealing with Thermal Exchange in Temperature Field Simulation in Low Pressure Die-casting Process

WANG Ke , LIU Bai cheng , XIONG Shou mei , WEN Xing huo

2002, 25(12):11-13. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.004

[Abstract](656) [HTML](0) [PDF 266.40 K](146)

Abstract:
The main effort is to develop numerical simulation software of low pressure die casting on Windows platform in Personal Computer, based on the production of aluminum wheel in Die cast wheel manufacture Co. Ltd.. The heat conduction calculation is the basis of solidification simulation. A 3 dimentional model including the refrigeration medium block is set up based on the study of boundary heat exchange. Various calculation method is analyzed for different types of boundary element. A comprehensive calculation model is set up according to practically manipulable parameters in production.

5 Analysis of Equilibrium Runing Lines of Engine and Hydraulic Torque Converter for a Vehiele with CVT

LIU Zhen jun , QIN Da tong , HU Jian jun

2002, 25(12):14-17. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.005

[Abstract](1135) [HTML](0) [PDF 347.79 K](207)

Abstract:
The mathematical model of the torque converters is established based on test results. Equilibrium running lines of engine and hydraulic torque converter are analyzed. The idea of matching and controlling is put forward for CVT vehicle with torque converter in starting ability, crawl ability and fuel economical efficiency, which lays a foundation for the exploitation of CVT vehicle with torque converter.

6 Study on Simulation of Contact Friction Condition of Continously Variable Transmission

YANG Ya lian , QIN Da tong , HU Jian jun , LIU Zhen jun , JIANG Song

2002, 25(12):18. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.006

[Abstract](1249) [HTML](0) [PDF 283.23 K](370)

Abstract:
As metal Belt CVT(Continuously Variable Trans mission) acts as a kind of friction transmission, friction coefficient is a key parameter of CVT. The friction characters of CVTF(Continuously Variable Transmission Fluid) are mainly determined by fluid and contact state. The contact between belt and pulley can be regarded as a kind of contact between cylinder and cone. As their contact line is short, the curvature change of pulley along the contact line can be neglected. Then the contact problem of belt and pulley was reasonably simplified as a contact between cylinder and cylinder. Under the state of equivalent maximum stress, the contact friction condition of metal belt and pulley was simulated by the contact of ring and block in Timken Friction Test Machine.

7 Design for Precision Measurement System Based on Machine Vision

LIAO Qiang , MI Lin , ZHOU Yi , XU Zhong jun

2002, 25(12):21-23. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.007

[Abstract](937) [HTML](0) [PDF 274.30 K](175)

Abstract:
It is difficult to measure the geometric quantity of small parts in finishing, assembling and measuring, because it's easy to break the workpieces' surface and alter their position by means of traditional contact measuring methods.There are some non contact measurers, such as,light feeler pin and interference microscope etc., because of it's high price and strict working conditions,so it's difficult to promote them in widely use. Precision measurement system based on machine vision has the advantages of non contact measuring as well as high performance and low price. Some problems, such as light source, algorithm of edge fitting, auto focusing,are discussed.

8 Detecting EEG Sleep Spindles by Digital Filtering with Zero Phase Error

JI Zhong , JI Yue bo , QIN Shu ren

2002, 25(12):24-27. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.008

[Abstract](1211) [HTML](0) [PDF 295.83 K](182)

Abstract:
EEG signal is a kind of very complex non stationary signal. It is of important clinical values for using EEG most efficiently to distinguish all kinds of components in EEG or getting needed components to judge some pathology features effectively. The phase moving of the system can change the relative phase relation between the components in the inputed signal, so there can be a great change of the feature in time domain of inputed signal. The FRR and RRF digital filtering methods and their realization are discussed. By using these methods, the system can be of the feature of zero phase error, and the filtering of EEG signals with zero phase error can be realized. Based on the definition of sleep spindles, we can detect sleep spindles in time domain directly by using digital filtering with zero phase error.

9 Dynamic Characteristic of Micromachined Arrayed Microphone

XU Dao lian , ZHONG Xian xing , WU Zheng zhong , CHEN Wen tao , LI Xiao yi

2002, 25(12):28-30. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.009

[Abstract](734) [HTML](0) [PDF 253.72 K](112)

Abstract:
Several kinds of microphone developed via silicon Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) processes in recent years are investigated in this paper. The analysis and research of the merits and demerits of them show that: these conventional microphones mainly function as acoustic electric converters; the filtering against noise is implemented by a special filter circuit or a digital filter. Therefore, a design method for silicon micro array filter microphone is presented, where the filtering is achieved while converting signals. The effects of damping, silicon reed number and sensor element pair on dynamic characteristic are discussed; it follows that: Increasing damping can reduce microphone's sensitivity, while increasing silicon reed number can improve the sensitivity curve, furthermore, the implementation of the filter function is simultaneous with acquiring of the noise signal.

10 Computational Simulation on Temperature Field of Slab Continuous Casting Mold

WU Cheng bo , WANG Qian , LIU Ren long , LI Zhi guo

2002, 25(12):31-34. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.010

[Abstract](532) [HTML](0) [PDF 298.65 K](170)

Abstract:
On the core concepts that the distributing of temperature and solidified slab shell in mold are a stable process, a new method to calculate the temperature field in mold has been promoted. Consequently, a coupling model on fluid filed and temperature field in stable state has also been established. The concept of effective heat capacity is introduced to deal with the latent heat source term from phase transformation. During the programming for computation, the dynamic updating method is also applied to simulate the influence of solidification on physical properties. The resolution results of this model are analyzed and compared with the tested thickness of solidified shell from casting broke out slab, which demonstrates the correctness and applicability of this model to the practical continuous casting process. Additionally, the thickness distribution of solidified shell in slab mold are also studied in detail.

11 Analytical Model for the In-plane Properties of Stitched Composite Laminates

WEI Yu qing , ZHANG Jun qian , WANG Hai

2002, 25(12):35-38. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.011

[Abstract](859) [HTML](0) [PDF 314.63 K](161)

Abstract:
An analytical model named fibres bend model (FBM) is presented for the in plane mechanical properties of stitched composite laminates. It is supposed that the primary reason of the effect of the in plane mechanical properties of stitched composite laminates is the misalignment of the fibres as they are forced to spread around the stitches. The geometrical characteristics of the fibres in the stitch unit cells are considered. The elastic relation of stress and strain of the stitched laminates is obtained finally. The in plane tensile strength is calculated in the example of the stitched composite laminates [0/45/0/-45/90/45/0/-45] 2S . The results show that the theoretical predicted values accord well with the experiments. The model is proved to be feasible.

12 Calculation Model on the Viscosity of CaO-SiO2-TiO2 Slag System

JIA Juan- yu , BAI Chen guang , QIU Gui bao , CHEN Deng fu , FAN Zhi gang

2002, 25(12):39-41. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.012

[Abstract](1006) [HTML](0) [PDF 215.67 K](1062)

Abstract:
根据炉渣结构的共存理论与CaO-SiO2-TiO2三元渣系在不同湿度和TiO2 成分下粘度的文献值，建立了此三元渣系的作用浓度和粘度计算模型。在模型计算过程中，采用MATLAB编制相应的计算程序，并绘制了1400℃、1500℃在碱度R＝0.9-1.0之间、不同TiO2含量下，渣系的粘度随TiO2百分含量变化的曲线。结果表明TiO2含量增加，其作用浓度增加，CaO-SiO2-TiO2三元渣系的粘度下降，并且温度升高粘度降低，计算值与实测值有很好的一致性，从而说明模型的合理性。

13 New Heat Treatment Process for 1420 Al-Li Alloy Die-Forging and Mechanism

HUANG Guang jie , WANG Ling yun , YANG Wen min , JIANG Zuo wen , LIU Cheng

2002, 25(12):42-45. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.013

[Abstract](755) [HTML](0) [PDF 310.26 K](1040)

Abstract:
采用正交法设计了 14 2 0Al-Li合金模锻件的热处理工艺方案 ,按设计方案进行了热处理试验和力学性能测试 ,并运用金相、透射电镜等手段研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、时效温度、时效时间影响14 2 0Al-Li合金模锻件强度和韧性的微观机制 ,获得了 14 2 0Al-Li合金模锻件的最佳热处理工艺制度。结果表明 :合金经 4 5 5℃× 170min固溶淬火 ,14 0℃× 12～ 16h时效工艺处理后 ,力学性能指标分别为σb≥ 4 93MPa ,σ0 .2 ≥ 398MPa ,σ≥ 12 9% ,达到最佳的强韧性效果。同时 ,对该合金的强韧化机理进行了探讨

14 Case- carburization Numerical Modeling and Craft Optimization on Steel Parts of Various Shapes

LAI Hong , LIU Tian mo

2002, 25(12):46-48. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.014

[Abstract](592) [HTML](0) [PDF 222.07 K](1123)

Abstract:
According to the diffusion equation of carburizing process and its boundary conditionand initial condition, various shapes steel parts are modeled under various case carburize craft parameters, concentration distribution curves have been obtained. Various craft parameters are compared, and carburizing temperature has more influence on carbon concentration distribution. Various shapes steel parts' carbon concentration distribution curves have some difference. According to the carbon concentration distribution curve, craft parameters can be adjusted in order to obtain the best carburizing craft.

15 Leak Current Fault Diagnosis Problem-Solving in Launch Vihicle Controlling System

ZENG Xue hong , FAN You ping , HAN Rong jun , HUANG Xi yue , TANG Xian ming , MAO Wan biao

2002, 25(12):49-54. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.015

[Abstract](812) [HTML](0) [PDF 483.17 K](987)

Abstract:
In point of view of the system, the characteristic of leak current fault diagnosis in launch vehicle controlling system is analyzed. It is presented that the fault is a connecting way for sytem factors. By building some basic concepts such as componts, syptoms, observation and faults, the system model is turned into graph, where nodes represent components and edges represent fault transmission among components. Besides,designing rule, that is, bisection rule for diagnosing alglorithm is given based on the information theory. Operating feasibility and entropy function characteristic are analyzed using component trade-off value to substitute component entropy, giving fault problem-solving way based on the drawing model.

16 Error Transfer''''s Analysis about Evaluation Criterion of a Rocket-Flight

GAO Bo , CHE Zhu ming

2002, 25(12):55. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.016

[Abstract](729) [HTML](0) [PDF 253.15 K](975)

Abstract:
On the basis of the accuracy evaluation's demand of single impulse radar and other ground measure equipment, model of the inherent accuracy of ballistic camera as Evaluation's comparison criterion on fairway of a Rocket-Flight are worked out. Three respects analysis follows:1) Will the criterion be able to be used? 2) In case of two laser ballistic camera having effective data ,where does the one ballistic camera be as criterion? Where does the two ballistic camera be as criterion? 3) How can the speed be evaluated? The formula ,calculation method's simplification as well as the curve figure of the error transfer of the criterion are given and analysed. The model have been successfully used in single impulse radar's accuracy evaluation. It is a typical case of the accuracy analysis.

17 A Research on the Characteristics of Mexican-hat Mother Wavelet Used in Optic Realization

TIAN Feng chun

2002, 25(12):62. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.018

[Abstract](1512) [HTML](0) [PDF 411.11 K](1471)

Abstract:
The Mexican hat mother wavelet used in optic realization is analysed. Its characteristics on time frequency domain localization, accurate reconstruction condition, regularity order and orthonormality are discussed. The error concept for the Mexican hat wavelet that the non tensor product two dimensional form of mother wavelet is obtained from the turning of its one dimensional form is corrected. The reason is explained for that the Mexican hat mother wavelet can't be used in conventional discrete wavelet transform for image data compression,but when it is used in 2 D image wavelet transform realized by optic way, it features excellent energy localization.

18 Speedy Recognition of Noise in Real Time Signal Based on Wavelet Transform

HAN Feng qing , HUANG Xi yue , GAO Bo , LI Bin

2002, 25(12):66-68. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.019

[Abstract](777) [HTML](0) [PDF 259.13 K](1205)

Abstract:
It's necessary to process position and gesture of rocket on real time within the flight of rocket. This work should base exact data. But much noise has been found in the data and the noise recognize is regarded as a focus. A speedy online arithmetic recognizing noise is proposed based on wavelet transform. The computing complexity measured by time of this arithmetic is a constant which is greatly reduces the works of calculation of wavelet transform. It can recognize the noise fast when the signal is gathered. The applications in these problems show that the effective arithmetic satisfies the needs of real time and can handle the real time data measured in other yields.

19 Eliminate the glitch in design of CPLD/FPGA

HE Wei , ZHANG Ling

2002, 25(12):69-73. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.020

[Abstract](696) [HTML](0) [PDF 384.17 K](1723)

Abstract:
Complex Programmable Logic Device(CPLD) and Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) play more and more important roles in design of modern digital system. But sometimes, the glitch in design of the system become handicap of succeedable design. This paper analyses the cause, judge and locate of glitch in design of modern digital system apply the component of CPLD/FPGA. Three methods about eliminate the glitch make use of EDA tools are discussed and some examples are given.

20 Research and Development of a Quality Control System in Construction

GUO Ping , WU yuan hong , YAO Gang

2002, 25(12):74. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.021

[Abstract](747) [HTML](0) [PDF 294.12 K](1133)

Abstract:
In the civil industry, quality is a key factor, so quality management and quality control play decisive roles in construction especially. At present, the main method of construction is quality controlling that engineers and technicians consult the standard and norm concerned, then check them one by one, and supervise the construction. It is not only inefficient but also easy to make mistake. Using computer technology in the quality control of construction will promote quality control level and improve management measures. Through the research of the quality control of construction,the system of quality control in construction is studied and developed, the structure of the software and its developed technology are expounded.

21 Drive-response Synchronization for Chaotic Systems

ZHOU Ping , ZHAO Peng

2002, 25(12):77-79. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.022

[Abstract](1461) [HTML](0) [PDF 190.21 K](406)

Abstract:
In the drive response method of Pecora and Carroll (the PC method), the response system is copied directly from drive system and is steady subsystem of drive system. But sometimes the PC method is disabled. Therefore, another method of realizing the drive response of chaos systems is put forward in this paper. The response system is not copied directly from steady subsystem of drive system, but is constructed from arbitrarily state variable of drive system. At the same time, the driving function is added in the response system, and the method of construction is pointed out. The method can realize the chaos synchronization that can not be realized by PC method.

22 Product for the CAI of the Digital-Circuit-Curriculum Based on Simple-MPC

CHEN Xin long , HU Guo qing

2002, 25(12):80-82. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.023

[Abstract](766) [HTML](0) [PDF 368.00 K](132)

Abstract:
Combined with the characteristics of the digital circuit curriculum,this paper shows a full performance of the product for the CAI system of the digital circuit curriculum(CSDCC) based on simple MPC. CSDCC includes four parts:system design, classroom teaching, ICAI system, experiment teaching. From construction to details, the system design module is designed to complete the design of he system is bottom database.Providing three kinds of teaching style : commonness, practice, hyperText , the classroom teaching module completes teaching for the whole contents of and the ICAI system module gives the product, which is the ICAI system of the K map Simplification of Logical Function.

23 Finite Element Analysis on Electromechanical Behaviours in Bone Tissues

LIU Zhan fang , LI Guang feng

2002, 25(12):83-86. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.024

[Abstract](1056) [HTML](0) [PDF 281.79 K](165)

Abstract:
According to the importance of electromechancial behavior of bone on clinical medical treatment, the physiological structure of bone tissue is studied. Then the biphasic porous media theory associated with electro kinetics is used to model the electromechanical effects in bone tissue. The finite element governing equations are built up through Galerkin method and the penalty method. The distortion of skeleton, interstitial fluid flow and the streaming potential in bone tissue are numerically computed and simulated.

24 Power-theft-preventing Technology for Three-phase Three-element Active Electric Power Meter

SUN Hong bo , TANG Zhi de , LI Ji wang

2002, 25(12):87-90. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.025

[Abstract](1006) [HTML](0) [PDF 321.51 K](156)

Abstract:
Although nowadays there are many electric power measuring methods in china,some of them still have many power theft preventing bugs.To measure big and middle consumers' electric power consumption ,it is hard to prevent consumers from stealing power energy by the means of current which is difficult to be checked up by relevant products and preventing stealing power energy technology, because of using CTs to converting current.The authors especially use the example of the three phase three element active electric power meter, analyses other power theft methods and summarizes the new preventing stealing power energy technology. In accordance with the characteristic of the power measuring and on the basis of the analyzing the right method of resolving the problem,the three phase four wire system power theft preventing device can detect all sorts of stealing ,especially to the stealing by the means of current in time and accutately.This device has acquired good effect in the application of power system.

25 An Algorithm to Enhance the Performance of Data Service Over CATV Broadband Networks

SONG Jun , GAN Yu yu , WU Zi yu

2002, 25(12):91-94. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.026

[Abstract](740) [HTML](0) [PDF 316.96 K](137)

Abstract:
Emerging CATV networks are evolution to Hybrid Fiber/Coax plants. It is widely believed that the HFC network will play an important role in providing broadband accessing service to subscribers due to it's large excess bandwidth and high penetration to the home. Asymmetry broadband data service is the main service provided in the HFC broadband access networks now. It's performance will determine whether the subscribers be satisfied or not and affect the growth of HFC broadband access networks. The authors outline the mechanism of transmitting data in the upstream channel of the HFC network, and analyze how it affecting the performance of data service. The performance of data service and TCP protocol in HFC network is examined. An optimal scheme of bandwidth allocating algorithm for the upstream channel is proposed to enhance the performance of the data service over these networks.

26 Amelioration of the Logit Model and the solution of the Traffic Assignment Problem

CHEN Yi hua , HE Ren bin , WANG Wei

2002, 25(12):95-97109. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.027

[Abstract](836) [HTML](0) [PDF 307.02 K](164)

Abstract:
Resolving traffic assignment problems with a logit model will result in some error because of the correlation of the trip cost and the flux, whereas the application of the random equilibrium assignment model is confined for its complex arithmetic. An amelioration of the logit model and a step by step arithmetic are implemented. The improved model is simple, rational and easily resoluted and the relationship of the trip cost and flux is also considered, therefore, it is applicable for the congested assignment problem and possesses widely applying prosperity.

27 Production of Protein Feed from Chicken Manure with Double Strains of Bacteria by Solid State Fermentation

LI Xian bai , ZHOU Kai xiao , HU Shang qin

2002, 25(12):102-105. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.029

[Abstract](751) [HTML](0) [PDF 365.17 K](147)

Abstract:
Protein feed are produced from the mixtures of chicken manure and wheat bran with the aspergillus oryzae and geotrichum candidum by solid state fermentation., at the same time, nitrogen source (urea) was added to the culture in the course of the fermentation.The contents of protein and amino nitrogen in the chicken manure feed reach 20.70% and 19.74% and the amino nitrogen in culture change from 56.89% to 95.36%. The feed is very tasty and can replace partial formula feed. The result of feeding pig showed that the average daily gain is increased by 10.83% compared with the control group.

28 Research Methods of Brain-computer Interface Technology

HE Qing hua , PENG Cheng lin , WU Bao ming

2002, 25(12):106-109. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.030

[Abstract](1585) [HTML](0) [PDF 344.59 K](386)

Abstract:
Brain computer interface(BCI) is an EEG based communication and control system between human and computer or other electric devices, which does not depend on the brain's normal output channels of peripheral nerves and muscles. It is a novel kind of human interface, may have applications in rehabilitation, control and other fields. The developming speed of brain computer research in recent years is high. Methods of how to use P300, SSVEP, ERS/ERD, SCP, spontaneous EEG and implanted electrode to realize BCI are introduced. Characteristic and limitation of different methods are discussed. Status, problems and application prospects of BCI technology are also included.

29 A Realistic Neural Network on Cerebral Learning-memory

LIU Mao lin

2002, 25(12):110-113. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.031

[Abstract](719) [HTML](0) [PDF 328.21 K](199)

Abstract:
现实性神经网络是相对人工神经网络而言的，它与人工神经网络相比，更接近真实的生物神经网络，大脑学习与记忆的功能及特点，一直是许多学科研究的热门话题。建立一个关于大脑学习与记忆的现实性神经网络模型，将为研究大脑学习与记忆的功能、特点提供十分有用的工具，并有助于进一步理解大脑高级功能的机制。针对大脑学习与记忆遥特点，着重考虑了3个方面的问题：1）如何使模型既具有稳定性又具有可塑性；2）如何使模型的学习与记忆具有条件性；3）如何使模型学习与记忆具有一定随机性。通过数学分析及模拟实验表明，模型能较好地反映大脑学习与记忆的主要特点，如神经联系的条件性（强化则巩固，不强化则衰减），大脑活动的随机性等，并简略地反映了DNA－RNA－Protein系统对记忆的意义。

30 Formation and Influences of Cavitation Induced by Modern Medical Technologies

LI Yu? lan , CHEN Jin qiu ,

2002, 25(12):114-118. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.032

[Abstract](828) [HTML](0) [PDF 502.36 K](1305)

Abstract:
When bubbles flow within fluid, once the pressure arroud a bubble decreases, the volume of bubbles become smaller or collapses. Since the collapse of a bubble takes place in very short time, a localized high pressure will be induced. With the continuous collapses of bubbles near a solid surface, the induced high pressure will produce damages on the solid surfac. In this paper, the formation, development and collapse processes of cavitation bubbles produced in biomedical engineering, the damage mechanisms of cavitation and influencing factors are reviewed. The numerical simulation study of cavitation bubble evolution process is discussed and finally, a number of problems to be solved in the cavitation study are presented, which is condidered as a bisis to the study and application of cavitation phenomena in biomedical engineering.

31 The Centralize-Distributed Structure Model of Electronic-Business that Based on the Concept of Field-Bus Control System

ZHOU Ming , YU Xiao chuan , LI Yong

2002, 25(12):119-122. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.033

[Abstract](567) [HTML](0) [PDF 356.66 K](946)

Abstract:
Electronic business is a model of automation business activities, so the concept of field bus control system that is the latest control technology in automation control domain could be transplanted into electronic business structure to optimize the performance of the electronic business. The author studied the model which had centralize distributed structure and built under the concept of FCS in the environment of electronic business. By analyzing the performance of shops online, authority center and logistics distribution center that have the centralize distributed structure, the conclusions could be drawn that the centralize distributed structure model of electronic business has the advantages of high reliability, rapid response, high expandability, easy to rebuild and high system efficiency that FCS has.

32 Selecting Enterprises for Swap of Debt to Equity and Mechanism Design

PU Yong jian , PENG Xiao bing

2002, 25(12):123-126. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.034

[Abstract](964) [HTML](0) [PDF 349.44 K](901)

Abstract:
The swap of debt to equity in state owned enterprises is dynamic game processes of conflicting and struggling among the concerned parties for the maximization of its payoffs and the seeking of domination for financial resources, and can be accomplished successfully when its being brought into effect is going to be propitious to the concerned parties. This paper analyzes the problem of selecting enterprises for swap of debt to equity under the frame of information economics theory, and argues that the selection of enterprises for swap of debt to equity is a problem of mechanism design. As the expected utility function of enterprises is analyzed and Asset Management Corporations adopts a series of measures to deal with it according to analysis, a policy frame will have been constructed.

33 An Analysis of Principal-Agent of Game under the Asymmetric Information in Venture Capital

SU Su , XIONG Feng hua , YIN Ping

2002, 25(12):127-129133. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.035

[Abstract](923) [HTML](0) [PDF 331.19 K](946)

Abstract:
The relationship of investors and venture capitalists is an important part in venture capital. Based on asymmetric information, this paper analyzes the principal agent relationship between investors and venture capitalists with game theory. And this paper mainly discusses the choosing, controlling and incentive problem. It suggests that only the capable and self confident venture capitalists could accept the terms of the limited partnership. It also indicates that recompense mechanism which holds the interest of investors and that of venture capitalists tightly is the center of the limited partnership. Rate of yield is the key of recompense mechanism, it not only reflects the incentive on venture capitalists, also reflects the share of risk between investors and venture capitalists. At last, the market credit play an important role in venture capital.

34 New Incentive Model of Company Management

YANG Jian-xia , LIAO Bing

2002, 25(12):130-133. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.036

[Abstract](608) [HTML](0) [PDF 337.26 K](1106)

Abstract:
This article makes a new model for stimulating personnel ,and excellently integrates the two classical incentive theory, which are Double Element Theory and Expectation Theory.The model values three important elements which can enormously stimulate the personnel,namely,the sense of achievement and challenge of job,the expectation of personnel to job,the feasibility of job itself.Then,the article also concisely illuminates the working mechanism as well as influence of the effects of personnel incentive made by these three elements.It is also indicated that the company should utilize different incentive ways for different kinds of personnel.Moreover,the article shows the correct direction of companys' personnel incentive,that is,the leader of company can primarily make use of internal incentive to stimulate personnel,while subsidiarily of external incentive.It finally advises several effective methods for personnel incentive,which has a certain guiding meaning in company management.

35 Analytical and Calculative Method of Stability of MingShan Landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

CHEN Ping , XU Jiang , LIU Yu hong , LI Ke gang

2002, 25(12):134-136140. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.037

[Abstract](805) [HTML](0) [PDF 331.02 K](848)

Abstract:
After the dam of the Three Gorges is built, the raising water will inevitably cause the revival of the part of ancient landslide and the generation of new landslide ,which will influence the town development and traffic safety in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In the light of the specific conditions of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, this paper, taking Fengdu's MingShan landslide in Chongqing for an example, has considered ten typical calculative projects, offered the correspondent load systems acting on the sliding mass and put forward the analytical and calculative method to evaluate the stability of a landslide. The ten typical calculative projects include dry season(natural state), raining season (rainstorm or rain for a long period of time), dry season and water level (175m ) of the reservoir, raining season and water level (175 m) of the reservoir, dry season and earthquake, raining season and earthquake, dry season and water level (175 m ) of the reservoir and earthquake, raining season and water level (175 m) of the reservoir and earthquake, dry season and water level lowered from 175 m to 145 m, raining seasons and water level lowered from 175 m to 145 m, and so on.

36 Analyses of Rockmass Displacement of Jinyun Tunnel

TANG Jian xin , CAO Shi ming , LIU Hong zhou , DAI Gao fei

2002, 25(12):137-140. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.038

[Abstract](999) [HTML](0) [PDF 329.55 K](1272)

Abstract:
As an example, through analyses of in situ measurements of Jinyun Road Tunnel and considering the geological environment and construction technics synthetically, relation among rockmass displacement and geological tectonics, rockmass sort, horizontal displacement and vertical subsidence, a new concept"sensitivity of displacement" are presented in order to evaluate stability of displacement normally. The characteristic of distribution of rockmass displacement along the longitudinal direction of road tunnel related to geological tectonics is concluded. It can be used for reference of design, construction and research of road tunnel.

37 Prediction Model of Exploitation Sink Using Ann and GIS

CAO Li wen , JIANG Zhen quan

2002, 25(12):141-144. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.039

[Abstract](819) [HTML](0) [PDF 328.96 K](836)

Abstract:
A new idea is put forward on researches of prediction method of coal mining subsidence supported by GIS, and a new method is given about quantitative prediction of mining subsidence by means of GIS and ANN(Artificial Neural Network).This paper has completed a lot of work concerning choosing factor,data processing, establishing and validating preliminary ANN prediction model. Further more,data processing is carried out by GIS software,and the BP training method is used for modeling the exploitation sink system. Subsequently,the error is qualitatively analyzed with considering the result of verification. Researches show that the ANN prediction model supported by GIS has theoretical feasibility and realistic significance in predicting complex exploitation sink system,and GIS and ANN possess wide application prospects in the prediction of exploitation sink.

38 Effect of the Silicic Acid Polymerization Degree on the Coagulating Property of Polyalumium Silicate Chloride

LIU Ying , ZHANG Dai jun , LU Pei li

2002, 25(12):145-147. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.040

[Abstract](663) [HTML](0) [PDF 278.16 K](1121)

Abstract:
Polyaluminum silicate is a new type of inorganic macromolecular flocculants, which is developed as a complex product in recent years on the base of polyalumium flocculant and polysilicic acid flocculant. Sodium silicate is diluted to the concentration of 3.0% SiO 2 with distilled water. The solution was adjusted to pH 4.5 with sulphate acid and kept at quiescency for different time to get polysilicic acid with different polymerization degrees. Using polysilicic acid prepared and aluminium chloride as materials, a series of polyaluminium silicate chlorides(PASC) with different basicities(B), Al/Si molar ratios and polymerization degree of silicic acid are prepared by copolymerization technique. The Al-Ferron timed complex colorimetric method is applied to characterize species distribution of PASC and to study its influence factors. The interaction between hydrolyzed aluminum species and polysilicic acid with different polymerization degrees in PASC is discussed.The flocculant prepared is applied to the treatment of commercial concrete wastewater. The turbidity removal of commercial concrete wastewater is up to 97% when a PASC, prepared with polysilicic acid of 145 min polymerization degree.

39 Cleaner Production Information Database''''s Building of Chongqing

XIONG Min , XIONG Wen qiang , LIU Tan ren

2002, 25(12):148-150. DOI: 10.11835/j.issn.1000-582X.2002.12.041

[Abstract](653) [HTML](0) [PDF 290.59 K](1087)

Abstract:
Cleaner Production must be done to achieve sustainable development. One of the most important things to develop Cleaner Production in Chongqing is to build Cleaner Production Information Database. The database confirms its purpose and function accorded with the situation of Chongqing. Furthermore, this database is designed by Delphi5 in Windows 2000 and proved to run well after debug. It can give service of technological information to Chongqing Cleaner Production.

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