Abstract:Discrete Element Method(DEM) is used to study the flow pattern of loose powder which is indented by a rigid punch in an open die.Information such as trajectories or velocity of the particles movement and density distribution of the granular material during compaction is obtained.Typical powder flow characters in given areas can be observed in the theoretical simulation and experiment.It demonstrates that DEM can capture the major features of the powder flow behavior under low-pressure compaction when there is intense shear,and the conclusion of the flow behavior of compacted powder is useful to the industrial designing.

Abstract:The interacting multiple model algorithm is used to solve the vehicle's tracking problems in automated highway system.It has multiple models,each of which matches to a particular mode such as uniform motion with constant velocity and maneuvering motion with acceleration.Combined with the target maneuvering models,the current acceleration of the target and its covariance are simulated.Significant noise reduction is achieved during the uniform motion.And it does better in maintaining the accuracy of the state estimates than the unfiltered radar measurements during the maneuver.A rapid detection of the maneuver is also obtained.The Monte Carlo simulation results show that the IMM algorithm will improve the target's tracking performance and enhance the vehicle's safety and reliability.

Abstract:Focusing on the characteristics of automobile components industry, such as long-term supplier selection, large number of suppliers, various assessment index, complicated processes, and extremely strict assessment requirements, an improved supplier selection bilevel programming model for automobile components industry is established. With this model, the authors analyzed selected objectives from viewpoints of both suppliers and purchasers, assessed several selectied factors with upper and lower layer objective functions, and produced a optimal supplier selection method to achieve minimum purchasing costs. This model takes several constraints, such as technology, quality, quoted price, supply capacity and services of suppliers, into consideration, which makes the model very practical. A genetic-algorithms-based calculation method is designed, and the model is validated through a case study. Both the model and the method provide valuable support to supplier selection in the automobile components industry.

Abstract:The processing characteristics of the front bumper bracket are analyzed,and a reasonable process scheme is worked out.The three-dimensional sheet metal forming analysis software PAM-STAMP are adopted to simulate the bracket's drawing process.Then the surface of die is proved fine through analyzing the FLD diagrams and the forming results.An economical and optimized die structure is decided,and a complete set of dies of the bracket is designed.The spacing block is added in the sizing mold,which control the size precision of end products and assembling columns actively,and finally the certified products.The material utility and the labor productivity are raised,the production cost is saved,and the mold design quality and the efficiency are improved effectively.

Abstract:An original thermodynamic idea for Power MEMS, which is called as quasi gas power cycle, is proposed to further intensify energy density and simplify structure of Power MEMS. Because gas supply with preset high pressure is set up in the Power MEMS engine of quasi gas power cycle, it is convenient for the Power MEMS engine to employ externally pressurized gas bearings to improve the performance of its bearings. Therefore mal design philosophy and structural type of the hyrostatic journal bearing as well as the hyrostatic thrust bearing in the Power MEMS engine are investigated, considering the limiting factor on meso scale. Then the structural and operational parameters are analyzed, and the optimal designs of typical externally pressurized gas bearings are put forward. Moreover the feasibility of the externally pressurized gas bearings applied to the Power MEMS engine is further verified by the calculation of load-carrying capacity of the hyrostatic gas bearings.

Abstract:In accordance with the deficient elongation of the Stretching-bending Rectifier, as well as the severe wear and slipping of V-belt , the driving system velocity ratio of rectifier and the calculation formula of the theoretical elongation are deduced, which are based on the analysis of its structure and reeling principle. The carrying capacity of the driving system is also analyzed and it reaches the main reason for the elongation of the stretching-bending rectifier that cannot reach request, which is caused by the step less torsion of fixed output of the continuously variable transmission. The improvement measure which can be achieved by increasing the stiffness of the spring to increase the output torsion of the continuously variable transmission is proposed. Thus it makes the actual coefficient of elongation,which can satisfiy the producing request.

Abstract:After discussing the interface between MATLAB and VC++,the method of connecting MATCOM with the m-files,the usage and skills of MATCOM are introduced.Taking single-freedom vibration system as the object,through analyzing the vibration model with damping,the simulation algorithm is programmed.The simulation results show that the system simulation efficiency has been improved.

Abstract:In view of the actuality of the feeding oil pum monitoring,the network technology,the database technology and the Dot Net remote technology are integrated nimbly to construct the remote condition monitoring system for feeding oil pump,which has many functions such as the real-time data monitoring and alarm,real-time monitor data storage remote monitoring,network data sharing,fault analysis,and so on.The whole construction design of the system and the realization of its sub function are given.The worker's intensity of labor,the maintenance cost and the accident occurrence rate of the feeding oil pum were dramatically reduced when the system was applied to the oil storeroom successfully.

Abstract:The author analyzes contact and easy wearing and reliability of export signal existing in potentiometer terminal model hydraulic turbine leaf of transmit water current servomotor displacement transmission equipment. A hydraulic turbine leaf of transmit water current relay machine displacement transmission device is designed based on the principles of caoacitance sensor. The device can avoid the problem of old displacement transmission, and long time and reliably measure displacement volume of hydraulic turbine leaf of transmit water current relay machine.

Abstract:Based on artificial tests of iced DC XZP-210 insulator strings carried out in the artificial climate chamber, the authors analyze the effects of units and assemble on the DC flashover voltage of iced insulator strings at high altitude districts. The test results show that the relationship between the DC icing flashover voltage and the insulator units is seemly linear with the increase of altitude or pollution level, although the linear relation is not obvious at the low altitude or pollution level. There is influence of the assembled form on icing flashover voltages, the flashover voltage of the horizontal string of iced insulators is highest while that of the vertical string is lowest. For various assembled forms, the effects of the air pressure on the flashover voltage of the horizontal string are most obvious.

Abstract:With the development of EHV/UHV DC transmission projects, it is inevitable to study DC pollution flashover performance of long insulator strings. The DC artificial pollution tests of five types of porcelain and glass insulators have been carried out in the artificial climate chamber. The paper analyzes the relationship between 50% flashover voltage U50 and string length, the relationship between U50 and salt deposit density, flashover voltage gradients and valid creepage distances of DC polluted insulators. Based on the test results of insulator strings of 5 - 23 units, there are linear relationship between the 50% DC flashover voltages and string length. The experimental results show that the pollution flashover performances of various types of insulators are different, and that the pollution degree exponents of polluted insulators are affected ainsulator materials and shapes, whose values are 0.3 to 0.36. Under the same pollution degree, the pollution performances of glass insulators have advantage of those of porcelain insulators with the same configuration and the flashover voltage gradient along creepage distance and valid creepage distances of glass insulators are higher than those of porcelain insulators.

Abstract:汽车发动机由高电压电火花点火,点火过程产生的电磁波辐射对车载无线电接收机及周围电磁环境都会造成电磁干扰.汽车点火系统对外的电磁干扰主要来源于火花塞和高压点火线,通过建立火花塞的等效电路模型,研究了流过火花塞气隙的点火脉冲电流ip与高压点火线上点火电流i之间的传输函数G(ω),仿真分析比较了不同阻值的电阻型火花塞和电感型火花塞传输函数的幅频特性,从而在不影响点火性能的情况下,获得抑制汽车火花点火系统电磁干扰的有效方法,为汽车电系的电磁兼容设计提供有价值的理论参考.

Abstract:To adapt to the continuous improvement of rural power consumption level in the new rural construction,in particular,with the continuous development of the rural economy,the actual operation of the rural power network has emerged as the high loss of electrical power which leads to a greater cost of the electricity,lower power supply reliability,the supply voltage and frequency do not satisfiy with requirements,etc.Through analysis of a typical rural power network,from the overall planning of the transmission to distribution equipments(such as lines,transformers and reactive-load compensation devices),the author proposes some specific measures such as reducing power loss and improving the voltage quality and reliability methods.Through calculation for lines power loss rate and percent of voltage pass,the results show that the methods proposed by the author are effective.The directions to the development trend of the rural power network is given.

Abstract:In order to research face-gear drives, a face-gear drive with spur involute pinion is considered. The genera, tion of a face gear is based on application of a conventional shaping machine and an involute shaper. The functions of theoretic shaping surface and processing surface about the face gear are deduced. Computer programs are developed for simulation of these surfaces. In shaping time, mutual position of two surfaces, theoretic shaping surface and processing surface, is analyzed by simulation. In the end, the feasibility of the process method is concluded.

Abstract:With an inelastic dynamic analysis program developed by the authors, seismic response analysis of regular RC frames designed to Chinese codes in different earthquake fortification zones are carried out. The results indicate that the displacement responses of structures are improved due to the more rigorous limitation on the inter-story drift under frequent earthquakes in the revised codes. The frames in seismic-intensity-9 zone designed to the former codes and the revised codes form plastic energy-dissipated mechanisms mostly With beam hinges, which can satisfy the requirement of seismic performance expectably. The frame in seismic-intensity-8 zone designed to the former code forms a plastic energy- dissipated mechanisms mostly with column hinges and shows a risk of occurrence of story-sway mechanism, while the frame in seismic-intensity-8 zone designed to the revised codes exhibits a relatively improved seismic performance but still with excessive column hinges, which suggests a need to further increase the column moment amplification measures for this kind of frames. The frame in seismic-intensity-7 zone shows a somewhat improved seismic performance than the frames in seismic-intensity-8 zone, but the protection to columns by the seismic measures is sill insufficient, which indicates that the column moment amplification measures for this kind of frames should be enhanced further.

Abstract:Two high and flexible RC frame structures are analyzed;the paper explains the rise in the structural damping ratio and the base mode's drifting,and the modes coupling is caused by the greatly rising damping ratio.The paper also proposes that the modes coupling need be considered in the pushover analysis of the high and flexible RC frame structures.A CQC adaptive distribution for lateral forces in considering the modes coupling at every load step is given,and is compared with the traditional SRSS one.Meanwhile,some practical engineering suggestions are given.

Abstract:There are complicated non-linear relations among influence factors, and between influence factors and decision - making results, which cannot be handled by common analytical method effectively. So the ANN technology was applied in the pre-bid decision-making processes. An indicator system of influence factors for pre-bid decision-making process was built based on extensive investigations, comparisons and analyses, with due considerations to the ANN analysis requirements. And then the criterion and method for quantifying the indicators were put forward by quantificational methods and fuzzy theories. An ANN model for pre-bid decision- making process was constructed and performed in Matlab, which has powerful learning ability and fast learning speed. The model was verified by a few examples from engineering practice.

Abstract:On the basis of the theory of different modulus, the closed-form analytical solution for beams on elastic foundations with different modulus has been derived. A comparison is made between the results of the analytical solution and those calculated from the classic mechanic theories, in which the tension modulus are equal to the compression modulus. It is shown from the numerical results that the ratio of compressive modulus to tensile modulus will greatly affect the elastic characteristic values,internal forces and flexibilities. The present theory satisfies the mechanical behavior of materials. The amount of materials can be economized through rational design by using the elastic theory of different modulus.

Abstract:In order to achieving the Automation of profile optimization and offering more reasonable schemes,the author proposes a kind of computer method based on hereditary algorithm,which is using mathematic methods to simplify the profile lines as a list of points and using cut-fill gross as aim's function and using restriced conditions to control the profile lines,the authors optimize the list of points of changing slopes,the results of the method are more accurate than the artificial design and can provide many kinds of schemes within short time.In the actual projects we can properly increase the condition restraints to design more high-quality lines.If GIS platform is added to it,the profile can be optimized more effectively and more intuitionisticly.

Abstract:采用θ-2θ型粉末衍射仪对Ni在H2SO4介质中的钝化过程进行了现场X-射线衍射(XRD)观测,同时收集Ni电极/溶液界面两侧的XRD谱图,采用差谱法分析Ni钝化前后界面两侧的结构变化.结果表明,钝化电位下,更多的H2O分子进入Ni电极表面及附近,其数目随钝化电位的升高而增大.H2O分子参与Ni的钝化过程,在Ni的钝化过程中起着重要的作用.钝化膜的厚度随着钝化电位的升高而增大.

Abstract:To study the effects of temperature in the ANAMMOX process, an anoxic biofiher was employ.ed It was shown that the temperature influence not only the reaction rates but also the capability of ammonia removal in the ANAMMOX biofiher. The removal rate of ammonia in ANAMMOX biofiher was increased with the increase of temperature. The Arrhenius equation was used to describe the effects of temperature on the reaction rates.

Abstract:Aim at the practicability issue,study effect-evaluating model based on B-P NN was improved on evaluation standards,evaluation model and training swatch.Evaluation standard effectivity was added to set the conversion function of network crytic-layer nodes as'tansig' and that of output-layer nodes as'logsig'.The taining swatch was improved.The simulation results validated the evaluation veracity of the model.

Abstract:An adaptive robust L2design method with dead -zone modification is proposed for a class of nonlinear systems with external disturbances and uncertain parameters. With priori knowledge of the bounds of the parametric uncertainties, the smooth projection method and the dead zone modification technology are incorporated into the adaptive laws to prevent parameter drifting and reduce the computation burden. The number of parameter estimates is minimal for the adaptive system. The algorithm can guarantee the tracking errors asymptotically converge to the desired dead zone if the external disturbances are zero. The system satisfies L2 disturbance rejection criterion when the external disturbances are considered.

Abstract:The distribution properties of the normally data and anomaly data in the network connectivity features have huge differences ; therefore, there exist the low rate of detection and false positive rate problem for the traditional classifier which is applied to the network intrusion detection. An adaptive classifier based on the artificial immune cluster is presented. The new classifier adopts multi -granularities idea and it effectively eliminates the inconsistency between the classification algorithm and the clustering algorithm. Through the classification of the data sets in real variety of network intrusion data sets, experimental results show that the classifier has high detection rate and low false positive rate; it has better classification performance and generalization ability than RBF and BP classifiers.

Abstract:The main idea of web accessibility is how to design and develop websites to benefit all web users. The ultimate purpose of web accessibility is to develop barrier-free environment on the Internet. However, most websites have overlooked the problem of the web accessibility. This paper introduces the significance of web accessibility and the related web accessibility guidelines, provides general design principles for web accessibility and the development techniques of the accessible web pages. It contributes to increase the accessibility of websites and better develop barrier-free websites.

Abstract:Stay-green mutants of all botanical species have similar phenotypic features.The senescence is delayed,and chlorophyll degradation is blocked or slowed.Nevertheless,the molecular mechanism of stay-green in these mutants is quite different owing to different genetic basis.The authors summarize the progresses in research on the physiological and biochemical behaviors(mostly concentrated on the enzyme-catalyzed metabolic pathway of chlorophyll),hereditary features and molecular biological aspects in various stay-green mutants.They also describe the importance of stay-green mutation to the research of chlorophyll metabolism,leaf senescence,photosynthesis and other physiological processes in plants,as well as the perspective of exploiting the advantages of these mutants in many aspects of agriculture.Among the many types of stay-green mutants,the most promising and significant can be the functional Type A and Type B which are distinguished for their increased yields and improved resistance against stresses.Furthermore,thorough understanding of changes in the molecular mechanism of stay-green is a potential access to consummately solving the presenility problem of crops.

Abstract:The author introduces a method and experimental procedures that determine dn/dc,molecular weight and its distribution of the hyroxyethyl starch(HES) by means of Gel Permeation Chromatography-Refractive index-Multi-angle laser light scattering detection(GPC-RI-MALLS)techniques.The key experimental technique and results are discussed.The method takes CH3COOH/CH3COONa as mobile phase and solvent.The experiment gets satisfactory results.It can be used as a routine method to determine the hyroxyethyl starch(HES) molecular weight and its distribution.

Abstract:尼群地平是治疗高血压的常用药物,但其难溶性限制了药物的剂型开发运用.采用研磨法、饱和水溶液法、超声波法进行制备,并通过正交实验设计确定最佳制备方法及工艺.利用显微观察、X-衍射法、紫外分光光度法来鉴定及研究包合物性质.结果表明超声波法制备的包合收率最优,其最佳包合工艺为超声功率为40 W;β-CD:尼群地平为2:1(摩尔比);超声温度为40 ℃;超声时间为70min.包合后的药物比原料药的溶解性增强了10.5倍,光稳定性增强3.7倍,其性质的改善,有助于其制剂生物利用度的提高.

Abstract:实验运用了超声波技术从中药苦参中提取苦参碱类成分,通过单因素实验和料液比、浸泡时间、乙醇体积分数、超声提取时间为因素的正交实验,以及方差分析,优选出超声波提取苦参碱类成分的最佳工艺:料液比(1:10)g/mL,浸泡时间3 h,乙醇体积分数80%,超声提取时间20 min.与传统水煎煮法比较,超声波提取苦参碱类成分具有省时、成本低、提取率高等优点.结果显示,苦参碱提取率由0.213%提高到0.472%.

Abstract:研究了Finsler几何中一类特殊(α,β)-度量-指数度量F=αeks的S-曲率性质.笔者通过把指数度量的S-曲率与其特殊S-曲率的表达式进行比较,采用代数方程公式运算的方法,分析方程因式指数的变化,得到了指数度量具有迷向S-曲率的充要条件:指数度量具有迷向S-曲率当且仅当它具有迷向平均Berwald曲率.此时,该度量的S-曲率为零,且是弱Berwald度量.结论表明:对于这类特殊的(α,β)-度量来说,它的曲率性质较简单,即它有迷向S-曲率等价于它有迷向平均Berwald曲率,等价于它具有为零的S-曲率.

Abstract:The authors study the properties and structures of fuzzy closed sets and fuzzy hyperplanes.The relationship between the closed set and it's derived matroid's closed set;The intersection of all hyperplanes in matroids is the smallest closed set and its rank is zero;The intersection of all fuzzy hyperplanes in fuzzy matroids is the smallest closed set and its rank is zero;The characteristics of structures of fuzzy closed sets is showed in using mathematical induction;a necessary and sufficient condition has been found in judging whether a fuzzy set is closed or not.

Abstract:We discuss the problem related to the long time behavior of solutions of the partly dissipative reaction-diffusion equations in unbounded domain,and prove the existence of the compact attractors.The coefficient of the reaction-term depends on space variables,which extend Wang B and Marion M's results.

Abstract:This paper proposes a novel BP network model based on nonlinear iterative partial least-squares algorithm which can fit nonlinear data. The novel BP network model can reduce iterative step number and advance learning effieieney. This paper pretreats data by nonlinear iterative partial least-squares algorithms. The weights initialization of input floor and output floor are set by applying the loading weights of dependent variable and cause variable, the member of hidden nodes are set by applying factor numbers of nonlinear iterative partial leastsquares algorithm, the connection co- efficient is set by applying the connection matrix B. Performances of the BP, PLS, and PLS-BP are analyzed and compared. The results show that the PLS-BP has better fitting and forecasting than BP and PLS.

Abstract:Considering perishable products usually have little salvage,a return policy-marginal return policy is proposad.This policy reveals the manufacturer's different attitudes toward the amount of the returned products.By applying the marginal return policy,the decisions of the manufacturer (wholesale price and return price) and decisions of the retailer(sales price and order quantity) are analyzed.Under marginal return policy,both profits of the manufacturer and retailer increase,which lead the increase of system's profit directly.At the same time,numerical experiments show that,contrast to the usual return policy,the marginal return policy could reduce the manufacturer's risks caused by the demand uncertainty.

Abstract:The competition in the land market is drasticly increasing, which demands much higher scientificity and accuracy in the decision. The land investment decision system is a non-linear gray system and the traditional appraisal methods have some limit in appraising it. It uses cloud model and the uncertain illation based on the cloud model, translates the qualitative appraisal of the factors level into quantitative scores, achieves the transition between a linguistic term of a qualitative concept and its numerical representation ; and further merges the degree of gray relationship theory to appraise the comprehensive level of the objects. So the new decision mode is set up. Through an example analysis and contrast study, the validity of the method is validated. The application of cloud theory in the decision field will affirmatively improve the decision level.

Abstract:Based on the relevant literatures from domestic and abroad, the paper empirically tests the relationship between corporate diversification and corporate performance. The results show that there is a negative relationship between diversification and performance in Chinese listed companies, but the significance of relationship is different each year.