Abstract:The system efficiency of ISG (integrated starter/generator)type medium hybrid electric vehicle (HEV)is optimized by combining transient and global optimization method under given driving mode，and energy management strategy of the hybrid system is optimized to reach the highest hybrid system efficiency. In order to avoid dynamic fuel increasing caused by engine throttle mutation during driving mode shifting or acceleration，closed-loop control of inertia moment of engine and compensation control of motor torque are adopted to coordinate the medium hybrid system to suppress over fuel injection of the ICE caused by engine throttle mutation. Model of medium hybrid electric vehicle is built and simulation is carried out. The results show that the throttle coordinated control can improve fuel economy，under the condition of guaranteed dynamic performance.

Abstract:Aiming at a line four cylinder engine，the engine mounting system is optimized by using traditional energy-decoupling method. Taking the minimization of acceleration response as objective，the engine mounting system is optimized by using the multi-body dynamic technology. The dynamic responses at supporting positions are used as evaluation index to compare the optimization results. The results indicates that there are several layout projects to reach high decoupling ratio，however，the projects do not always satisfy the requirement of vibration isolation. A principle for the design of mounting system is proposed：high decoupling ratio is not the objective of vibration isolation，while the minimization of responses under different excitations is the essential criterion evaluating the vibration isolation performance.

Abstract:Development model of emulsified oil jet and micro-explosion properties of water drops are analyzed，cavitation effect can change the jet atomizing angle，therefore，an important guideline to describe oil jet atomization is atomizing angle. Absolute diesel fuel and different moisture content emulsified diesel fuels are researched by high-speed camera system from the experiment for studying the atomizing properties of water drops when high-voltage impulse injects the gas medium. The theory and experimental results show that lots of water drops of emulsified oil reduce jet dynamic strength when the jet unloads，so it has stronger dispersed properties. Emulsified diesel fuel can spray more capacity than absolute diesel fuel，the width of jet is greater and the spraying atomizing angle increases. When the moisture percent of emulsified oil is 10%，the atomizing angle can get to the maximum.

Abstract:To solve the problem of eye localization of human face in multi-angle state of color image，a new method for the location and extraction of the eye image based on color information is proposed，and the method is not influenced by head posture. Firstly，face is detected in color images. Next，the non-skin region in the face area is found based on the difference between skin and eyes/eyebrows. In order to remove the interference points，mathematical calculation is exploited for the non-skin part. Then，eyes are detected with the method of average complexity. The 2-D correlation coefficient is used as a symmetry similarity measure to check the factuality of the 2 detected eyes. Finally，the white and iris of the eyes are precisely located in the eye region，and the eye opening extent can be measured by calculating the eye area. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed method can accurately detect eyes and determine the state of the eye quickly. The method is simple and fast，and has advantage in positioning accuracy and state analysis.

Abstract:For the comprehensive requirements of being dynamic，flexible，loosely coupled，and transparent of heterogeneous system integration in manufacturing enterprises，the conception of semantic gateway is proposed，and a new integration framework of heterogeneous system with the support of semantic gateway is established，to solve the semantic heterogeneous problem of heterogeneous systems and integrate the business flow of enterprises dynamically. On the basis，the semantic gateway model is established and semantic mapping standard，database adapter and service adapter of semantic gateway are deeply researched. Finally，the proposed studies are applied to the integration of heterogeneous information systems in a turbo & charger machinery manufacturing enterprise in Chongqing，and the application result is satisfying.

Abstract:Aimed at the perceptual image evaluation of production appearance in product development，display model effectiveness of perceptual image evaluation between stereoscopic display and flat panel display are compared. Digital production models scored by subjects are exhibited through the two types of display usage. The reliability and validation of rating scale is checked and the inter-rater consistency is analyzed. The analysis result indicates that：as to the inter-rater consistency，no statistically significant difference can be found between the two types of display usage for evaluating the whole perceptual image of production appearance. However，subjects can reach an agreement on emotion characteristic indexes more easily in stereoscopic display environment than flat panel display.

Abstract:To overcome the shortage of existing experimental device for partial discharges in gas insulated switchgear(GIS)，an installation for testing PD in GIS with multi-structures is designed, which can simulate T-type，L-type and line-type configurations of GIS expediently. The physical dimension and material parameter are given by calculating the characteristic of the propagation of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves and the stress of materials. The experiments under single defect and multiple insulation defects are carried on by using the designed 4 physical models of typical insulated defects for GIS. The results show that the built device can simulate the PD，TE mode and TM mode waves with different wave bands in GIS. The system makes a foundation for the further investigation of the electromagnetic waves propagation，the conditions of generating electromagnetic waves，testing method and pattern recognition of the PD in GIS.

Abstract:Density functional theory (DFT)is used to study the thermodynamics of formaldehyde removal under dielectric barrier discharges (DBD)non-thermal plasma (NTP)conditions at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature. A calculation model is defined. The calculated reaction relative energies in this work confirm that the DBD plasma is effective for formaldehyde reduction at ambient conditions and at 1 atm. Present calculations indicate that the reactions of HCHO with primary free radicals such as OH·，O·，and H· are all thermodynamically favored. Moreover，theoretical results show that the main routes of O radical generation from O2 are direct dissociation and dissociative attachment-releasing electron, and the main pathways of H· and OH· from H2O are dissociation and attachment. The only thermodynamic obstacle to HO2· formation is 2H2O→H2O2+H2. The reactions of HO2· with other radicals are all thermodynamically favored. Comparative results between the previous investigation and the present work demonstrate that theoretical calculation with DFT can be an efficient and reliable supplement for experimental research.

Abstract:The characteristics and development history of Mg-Zn series alloys are briefly presented. Different research perspectives of microstructures of Mg-Zn binary alloy are emphatically introduced and analyzed and research progresses of Mg-Zn multi-element alloys are summarized. Plastic deformation，such as high ratio extrusion，severe plastic deformation and rapid solidification etc.，has greatly increased mechanical properties of Mg-Zn series alloys; a large number of G.P. zones formed during pre-aging stage of two-step aging can significantly improve the mechanical properties of alloys. These plastic forming processes and the two-stage aging treatment are the current hot research areas.Finally，some directions for the future research of Mg-Zn series alloys are suggested.

Abstract:Research on the mechanical amplification function of natural organisms presents a bio-inspired approach for the future design of strain sensors to be embedded in engineering bodies. By the observation under FTEM, the micromorphology of chafer cuticle is found as follows：insect cuticle is a typical example of a natural composite plate with cross-fiber laminates reinforced，on the surface of which a series of trichopores with diameter of 50~70 μm are distributed in the space of 40~50 μm. This microstructure is characterized as a composite plate with holes with cross-fiber laminates reinforced. The stress amplification factor that helps to improve sensilla’s sensitivity is achieved as 2.424 by finite element method and weighted average method. Furthermore continuous helicoidal fibers around the channel under trichopore are found，which resist stress concentration from every orientation and protect the gland and body wall.

Abstract:For thermo-mechanical treated 2197 alloy of various states, effects of thermo-mechanical treatment on the mechanical properties and microstructure of 2197 alloy are studied through analyzing the mechanical properties in tensile tests and observing the microstructures by TEM observation. Results show that the dominating precipitated phase of peak-aged 2197 alloy during thermo-mechanical treatment is T1 phase，the size of which is 50~150 nm. The precipitation and growth of T1 phase are accelerated due to the excellent nucleation sites of heterogeneous nucleation for T1 phase offered by thermo-mechanical treatment，therefore，the time for 2197 alloy to reach the peak-aged state is shortened. The strength of 2197 alloy for peak-aged state is increased through thermo-mechanical treatment because the strengthening effect of T1 phase with higher aspect ratio is bigger than that of δ′ and θ′ phases.

Abstract:The parameters of resistance wall, which is a novel flash structure for forging die, are studied. The effects of the resistance walls parameters are analyzed and the important influence factors are screened by using the fractional factorial design. The Latin hypercube method is used to select sample points of the important design variables which are analyzed by finite elements simulation. The surrogate models are established by taking the simulation result as response and the parameters of the resistance wall structure as variables. The model is converted into single objective function by linear weighting method and is optimized by using particle swarm optimization algorithm for global optimization. Finally，the optimization results are compared and verified with those obtained by genetic algorithm. The results show that the PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm has better convergence than the traditional genetic algorithm and can realize optimization of the parameters of the resistance wall structure.

Abstract:The influence of retarders on the hydration process of phosphogypsum is investigated by determining setting time，intensity of hardened anhydrite，hydration rate，hydration temperature increase and the degree of solution supersaturation in combination with observing by scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that S〖JP+5〗G-10 and citric acid retarder can adapt to phosphogypsum well; pH value has a great influence on the retarding effect，5.1 and 6.0 are the best pH values for the effect of S〖JP+5〗G-10 and citric acid in plaster of phosphogypsum respectively. However，citric acid dosage should not exceed 0.1% or the amount of doped-SG-10 should not more than 0.2%. Both S〖JP+5〗G-10 and citric acid lead to a delay in the hydration heat evolution and significantly decrease the hydration ratio in the early stage and the ratio of recede limited in the final hydration.It can also partly change the hydration kinetics process of phosphogypsum at the same time. Initial liquid concentration and over-saturation of phosphogypsum are less than the blank sample after adding retarder，while liquid phase ion concentration and decreased ratio of over-saturation simultaneously are sharply depressed in the hydration reaction process. S〖JP+5〗G-10 causes the large crystal sizes，but it has a minor effect on the crystal morphology of dehydrate. Adding citric acid result in a large influence on the dehydrated crystal morphology of phosphogypsum.

Abstract:MSW incineration fly ash should be treated safely because it is one of acknowledged hazard solid wastes. Metallurgical sinter has a similar high temperature environment as melting treatment，therefore，it is proposed as hazard-free treatment for MSWI fly ash. Experiments are carried out to investigate the pelleting properties of fly ash and the seperation and solidification of heavy matals in MSWI fly ash iron-bath melting process. The results show that adding 8% cement and 1% agent for solidification，the compressive strength of fly ash pellets is 600~700 N/bellet when its curing period is about 8 ~11 d，achieving the demands for transporting and sintering. By iron-bath melting，more than 90% Mn and Fe in MSWI fly ash are removed and solidified in iron phase，and the distribution ratio of Cr and Cu in iron phase is beyond 70%. The leaching toxicity of molten slag are tested，and the leaching toxicity of all the metals can reach the standard. All the results indicate that the hazard-free treatment for MSWI fly ash by metallurgical sintering is feasible.

Abstract:A new triazole-phenylamide derivative (DOT) is synthesized and its inhibiting action on the corrosion of mild steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution is investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss measurements. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters are calculated and discussed. Then the surface morphology is studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that DOT strongly inhibits the corrosion of Q235. The inhibition efficiency of 0.001 mol·L-1 DOT is more than 96%. Polarization curves indicate that the DOT acts as a mixed-type inhibitor, the cathodic and anodic processes of corrosion are suppressed. Thermodynamic and kinetic parameters are obtained from weight loss of the different experimental temperatures, which suggests that at different temperatures (298~333 K) the adsorption of DOT on metal surface obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The adsorption processes are exothermic reaction and belong to chemisorption and physisorption.

Abstract:Amino-functionalzed mesoporous MCM-41（AP-MCM-41）is synthesized by the microwave method, using 3-aminopropyltriethoxylsilicane（APTES） as the coupling agent, and through polymerizing AP-MCM-41 with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), a typical composite material which is sensitive to temperature is synthesized. By low-temperature N2 absorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrated spectroscopy and thermogravimetry analysis etc., it’s found that the new composite material possesses temperature sensitivity. Selecting hydrochlorothiazide as a model drug and using the impregnation method, its release behavior under different temperatures are studied. The results show that when the temperature is higher than the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), the hydrophobicity of the material that blocks the releasing of the drug will be formed, and when the temperature is lower than the LCST, the release amount will increase significantly due to the hydrophilicity of the material.

Abstract:The corrosion and extraction toxicity of heavy metal in ancient smelting slag is analyzed. Leaching behavior of heavy metal in smelting slag is discussed through extraction toxicity test of different pH values. The results show that the pH of smelting slag is alkalescence, the heavy metal content is high and the average content of heavy metal (zinc plus plumbum) is up to 6.97%. However, most of heavy metal in smelting slag is in residual state. Its extraction toxicity is low and potential harm for environment is obviously weakened. It indicates that forecasting heavy metal’s potential harm for environment in smelting slag by totalizing method is not accurate. The leachable quantities of heavy metals significantly increase in extremely acidic and alkaline condition. The leachable quantities of Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd are all up to maximum when pH<3. The leachable quantities of Zn, Pb and Cr all increase when pH>12, but the extracting amount is lower than that in acidic condition. The leachable quantity of Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd is minimal in neutral condition. Under normal rainfall conditions, potential harm for environment of ancient smelting slag is decreased to a lower level. It can be treated according to the requirement for general industrial solid wastes.

Abstract:By using the specially designed experimental device for anchor rope impact tensile, a series of experiments on the possibility of gas explosion detonated by the pull out (broken) sparks of 15.24 mm, 17.8 mm and 21.6 mm anchor rope have been performed on the condition that the gas concentration and oxygen concentration are within the range of explosion limit. The results show that there are 3 failure forms of anchor rope when it is under the action of dynamic load, i.e. tensile failure, pull out and pull failure, and the breakages all occur in the fixed-anchorage. Using infrared thermal imaging apparatus to measure the temperature of the broken sparks of anchor rope, the result shows that the maximal temperature of the pull out (broken) sparks of anchor rope is far less than the minimum temperature of gas explosion (650~750 ℃) and the existence time of sparks is far shorter than the sensitive period of gas explosion. The sparks induced by any failure forms of 15.24 mm,17.8 mm and 21.6 mm anchor rope can’t detonate the gas.

Abstract:In order to accurately survey the situation of geologic anomalous body on the coal working surface, the influence situation of different anomalous bodies on the radio wave instrument is simulated and discussed, and the research results are used to instruct coal survey. In practical application, it can divide disaster unusual area more accurately, instruct the design and plan of coal mine disaster prevention and control reasonably, provide experience for similar coal mine of geological disaster prevention and control.

Abstract:Osteoblast is looked as a homogeneous isotropic and viscoelastic body which can’t be compressed. Using the standard linear model of viscoelasticity, the matrix form of the relationship between stress and strain can be achieved, so the finite element balance equation can be got through Lagrange equation. An example for bone tissues on porous media board under loading is calculated, the history of displacement, velocity and stress are obtained. Then the osteoblast cultured invitro can be numerically analyzed by computer program, and the deformation, the velocity and the stress of osteoblast can be calculated.

Abstract:The three dimensional numerical solution for differential equation of motion of sparse solid particles in flow fields is derived. Taking free sedimentation of solid particles as an example, using dimensionless differential equation, the movement rule of solid particles in water and air is numerically analyzed. The contribution of Basset force on solid particles in different density flow fields is paid much attention to. The results show that the Basset force and drag force are in the same magnitude when solid particles move in water; the effect of Basset force can be neglected when solid particles move in the air; and the Basset force should be considered when river water source heat pump and the flow of silt particles are studied.

Abstract:Considering the seal and storage of gas, mechanical index of coal containing gas is usually obtained by normal three-axis experiment. While, according to national standard, mechanical index of coal is usually tested by uniaxial experiment. By utilizing the gas sealing system, an analogic uniaxial experiment method is proposed. Through designed experiments, the effect of gas on mechanical properties and mechanical response of the coal sample when effective confirming pressure is 0 is studied too. The experimental results show that pore gas changes the mechanical response of complete deformation stage, but the trend of change gradually weakens as the gas pressure increases, and it means that non-mechanical effects caused by absorbed gas play a leading role gradually.

Abstract:The municipal wastewater biology treatment process includes both pollutants transferring and energy utilization. The wastewater and sludge samples of several WWTP (wastewater treatment plant) in Chongqing are investigated. The heat value, volatile component and element content of those samples are determined. The effect of volatile component on heat value is analyzed. The results show that it has a good correlation between volatile component and heat value. The heat value has a negative correlation with volatile component when volatile component is below 30%, while it has a positive correlation with volatile component when volatile component is above 37%. The heat value is also calculated by the Dulong formula. The conclusions are pretty close: heat value has a negative correlation with volatile component when volatile component is below 28.26%, while has a positive correlation with it when volatile component is above 28.26%. It indicates that the analysis method for heat value of wastewater and sludge in this paper is effective, and it can be used in wastewater measurement.