Abstract:Problem is the impediment of the development in things, is the reaction when people' understanding of objectives are obstructed. The research on the general rule of characteristic, inducement, procedure and mode when the problem emerged can help people foresee the problems, prevent the problems, recognize the problems and solve the problems. That is of very important practical significance and realistic meaning.

Abstract:Architectural education has a close link with the progress of economic society and the development of architecture industry from the time of its establishment to its continuous growth and improvement. Under the perspective of architectural industrialization, architectural education will face with serious challenges while meet good opportunities for its development. From the aspects of strategy, the architectural education should actively adapt to the needs from the development of architectural industrialization, deeply study on the industrialization of architecture, speed up the cultivation of talents needed by architectural industrialization and positively provide technical support for the development of architectural industrialization. From the part of strategic development, by using the top-layer design concept for reference, architectural education will promote the development of universities in a scientific way; optimize discipline structure and build the advantages of university characteristics; deepen the reform for education and teaching, innovate talents training mechanism to realize a win-win situation for both architectural industrialization and the scientific development of architectural education.

Abstract:In the new period, the development of science and technology demands higher requirements for the quality of talents cultivated by science and engineering universities, and the setting of humanistic course of science and engineering university is the most critical part to cultivate students' comprehensive quality. In the paper, tracing back to the history of the development of humanistic course at home and abroad, and analyzing the progress and existed problems of humanistic course reform in Chinese science and engineering universities. On this basis, making suggestions for the further development of science and engineering universities, implicit courses, school-based courses and activity courses are proposed.

Abstract:In the process of the education internationalization in China, the leading role of preponderant discipline and the internationalization of professional curriculum should be sufficiently developed. In the construction of the professional curriculum internationalization, to expand and promote students' international insight and professional quality, the construction of classic courses needs to be deepened, supply the real-time updated studying resources, enrich the students' access to get knowledge, and the dominant position of the students should be fully considered in teaching. With getting a high level teaching team, innovate bilingual teaching mode for the professional courses, reconstitute the teaching philosophy, build the course teaching mode with "inside and outside classroom, inside and outside school, and China and abroad", and form the multiple learning evaluation mechanism. Consequently, professional curriculum internationalization will be significantly improved and also promote the cultivation of students' abilities and improve teaching effectiveness of professional curriculum.

Abstract:This paper summarizes the situation facing water supply and drainage science and engineering specialty, points out that the characteristic specialty construction must consider the professional certification and assessment, the new challenge of ability training, the requirement of emerging engineering education, innovative education, "six excellence and a top-notch" program 2.0. The main contents include cultivation system, teaching staff, knowledge system, curriculum construction, teaching procedure, practice and training. The training and practice education of water supply and drainage engineering ability was the most important bridge between the special theoretical knowledge and innovation ability, and proposed the high quality personal training system, which was theory, virtual simulation, training, innovation, and explained the practical cases of characteristic construction for water supply and drainage science and engineering specialty.

Abstract:The innovation of talents cultivation mode is the key requirement of deepening teaching reform and improving talent training quality. Taking advantage of the multidisciplinary and multidisciplinary construction of urban and rural areas, it is of great practical significance to improve the quality of talent training based on the integration of professional groups, professional groups characteristic and the innovation of talent training mode. Based on the integration of professional groups in urban and rural construction of Yunnan Agricultural University, this dissertation aims at cultivating applied talents with international perspective and innovative spirit, studies and practices the mode of talent training, constructs the talent training mode of professional group +characteristic including professional group + small language, professional group + innovation and entrepreneurship, professional group + skill competition, professional group + BIM technology,improve the students' language ability, innovation and entrepreneurship ability, practical ability, getting new technology ability to improve the overall ability of students. It is expected to provide reference for the innovation of talents training mode and improvement of talent training quality under the background of professional group integration.

Abstract:In order to meet the needs of disciplines applied in the urban-rural planning profession from the "incremental expansion" to the "inventory optimization" era, and to meet the requirements of the first-level discipline transition, the urban and rural planning major of Tianjin University actively explores the professional master graduate education system. This article takes the revised version of urban-rural planning professional master graduate program in Tianjin University as an example to explain in detail the improvement of the training program, the innovation of the training system, and the reform and characteristics of the training course. It is expected to provide practical experience and support for the cultivation of urban and rural planning professional master graduate student.

Abstract:Targeted at cultivating the innovation ability of graduate students, core courses reform and practice for engineering graduates were conducted based on the idea of promoting research with learning. Multiple teaching mode, such as bilingual teaching, case-study teaching, rain class, classic literature reading experience sharing, has effectively stimulated students' interest in learning and increased their participation. The establishment and implementation of flexible course projects is an important part of the curriculum reform, and implementation details of the course projects and related grading policy are presented. Feedback from students based on anonymous questionnaire indicates that the teaching reform measures of this course have been well received by students.

Abstract:In order to improve the teaching quality of current university courses and train innovative talents of civil engineering with solid basic theory, strong practical ability and high comprehensive quality, the teaching reform and practice of soil mechanics was explored. The soil mechanics is an important basic course of the civil engineering major. Learning the course of soil mechanics well can help the students majoring in civil engineering master grasp the knowledge of relevant follow-up courses better, and improve their innovative consciousness, innovative thinking, innovative spirit and practical innovative ability. Based on the cultivation of innovative talents, according to the characteristics of soil mechanics course, and combined with the experience in practical teaching, this paper expounded the reform and practice of soil mechanics from four aspects:teaching syllabus, teaching content, teaching method and examination system. And the corresponding reform and practice methods were put forward. It aims to improve the teaching quality of soil mechanics, cultivate the students' creative thinking, the innovative practice ability, the comprehensive quality, and lay a solid foundation for cultivating innovative talents of civil engineering specialty.

Abstract:Under the background of new engineering, civil engineering majors have higher and higher requirements on the training objectives of students' application ability, but classroom teaching and practice are contradictory to each other. In recent years, the examination questions of registered geotechnical engineer are more and more close to the engineering practice and it is suitable to be used in the classroom for case teaching. China's registered geotechnical engineer examination is divided into two stages. The first stage is the basic examination, the purpose of the examination is to test whether the examinee has mastered the basic and professional theoretical knowledge. The second stage is a professional examination, the purpose is to test whether the examinee has the ability to carry out the survey, design and construction of geotechnical engineering in accordance with the national laws, regulations and technical specifications and the ability to solve practical problems. Through the calendar year registered geotechnical engineer based test cases and test of soil mechanics, the researches of the registered engineer exam questions do appropriate after deformation is introduced into the case teaching in the class of soil mechanics, can improve students' comprehension of knowledge, image understanding knowledge application in the engineering practice, strengthen the cultivation of application ability, at the same time take registered engineer examination for students after graduation to lay a good theoretical and practical basis.

Abstract:In order to improve the initiative participation of students, and to reflects the role of study subjectivity in the process of learning, the use of seminar-style teaching method aims to improve students' participation in the teaching process. The interaction between students and teachers is strengthened. The students' understanding and application of the content are consolidated. Taking the calculation of internal force of a typical frame structure in the course of reinforced concrete structure design as an example, the task of discussion was decomposed. The contents of the different groups were summarized, analyzed and compared with each other. And the practical process and application effect of the seminar-style teaching method are studied in the teaching process of reinforced concrete structure design. The students' learning initiative and the ability to analyze problems are improved through the application of seminar-style teaching method.

Abstract:Optical measurement technologies such as laser scanning and photogrammetry have been widely used in the courses of historic building survey in recent years, but they are mainly considered as a supplementary method to hand measurement instead of an innovation to graphical representation. The article presents the teaching reform emphasizing the rationality of survey technology, taking historic building survey course of architecture specialty in Nanjing Tech University as an example. The teaching objectives are learning historic buildings and surveying techniques, mastering optical measurements and hand measurements, and drawing with multi-methods. The teaching procedure consists of lecture, trial, field measurement, data processing, and graphical representation. Accuracy, level of development and team collaboration are regarded as criteria of assessment. The results are illustrated with four cases:integrating raster imageries with 3D models, validating hand-measured data with optical measurement, mapping the diseases of ceiling paintings, and a GIS-based thematic map of historic buildings in Nanjing. The course reform echoes the innovation of measurement technology to conventional surveying of historic buildings and graphical representation of different architectural types. It exposes students to practical measurement technologies, and promotes them to realize the connection between different branches of architecture with the media digital technology.

Abstract:At the rapid improve time of China's society-economy and economical structure, the progress of excellent engineers training program improves the country's self-dependent innovation ability and core competitiveness enormously. Civil engineering is a practical discipline, enhancing the practical teaching reform plays a crucial role in cultivating excellent engineers who can hold high comprehensive vocation ability, advanced innovative awareness and practical skills. Random vibration of engineering structures is an application course which studies the stability, responses and reliability of structural systems using probability and statistics methods. Now, handling or at least acquainting the random vibration methods in engineering structure's design is a basic requirement for a well-educated civil engineer. A well-educated civil engineer is expected to understand the basic concepts and practical methods of random vibration. In this paper, the course characteristics are focused squarely such as confusing conceptions, complicated formulas and abstract mathematical descriptions. By summing and discussing the teaching activities of random vibration of engineering structures course in the College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, this paper systematic illustrates and overall reviews the guidance and appropriate practice methods in the teaching activities of random vibration of engineering structures. The illustration and review are dissected from the following four aspects:basing on the theoretical education, introducing the course developing trend, focusing on students' practical skills and developing the flexible evaluation criterion. The methods in this paper are believed efficient and reliable to guide students mastering theoretical concepts, to motivate students, and to develop the students' practical abilities. It has shown the satisfied teaching effect in the practice teaching.

Abstract:Tunnel engineering is the core course in civil engineering. Based on the characteristics and teaching purposes of tunnel engineering course, the existing problems in traditional education were analyzed. On the basis of CDIO engineering education concept, thoughts of tunnel engineering teaching reform are presented, specific measures for teaching reform are put forward as well. Through the CDIO teaching reform, the goal of teaching ability is highlighted, the teaching contents are updated, the ability of independent, teamwork and communication for students are improved by the CDIO course project. It is proved that the quality of teaching has achieved good results. The teaching reform of tunnel engineering can provide good guide and reference for education reform and practice of civil engineering.

Abstract:Environmental materials science is an important professional elective course for the undergraduates of materials science and engineering specialty in Guizhou Minzu University. Firstly, the necessity of environmental material course was expounded;Secondly, the state of environmental material course in our school was introduced;Thirdly, the teaching method, practical teaching, evaluation method and other aspects of the course were preliminarily discussed and studied, and some attempts of teaching reform have been made, which can provide reference to environmental material course teaching of materials specialty.

Abstract:The building energy efficiency course is closely connected with the actual curriculum, which requires a lot of examples, practice to teaching. This paper introduces the blended learning to explore the more effective way of building energy efficiency course. The application of blended learning combined the traditional classroom with the networked classroom. Independent study and collaboration are mixed to maximize the efficiency of education. The questionnaire was used to analyze the practical application effect of blended learning. The results show that the building energy efficiency course adopting the hybrid teaching mode is more popular among students. In addition, the good teacher-student interactive session can promote the harmony of the classroom atmosphere.

Abstract:According to the traditional experiment center construction and experimental teaching mode, taking civil engineering experiment center and civil engineering materials experiment as an example, discusses the difference between the experiment center under the background of emerging engineering education engineering and traditional engineering experiment center, puts forward the construction of large multi-disciplinary comprehensive experiment center. In terms of the reform of experimental teaching mode, a series of reform measures such as setting up innovative experiment courses, setting up experimental courses and improving the teaching quality of experimental teachers are put forward. In this way, the students should pay more attention to the experiment and cultivate more talents of emerging engineering education and adapt to the rapid change of society.

Abstract:As one of the courses for civil engineering majors, seismic design of building structures is difficult because of its complicated and uninteresting contents. During the teaching activities, there are some problems, such as the difficulty of real experiments, the neglect of practice and so on. Based on this issue, virtual experiments with high interactivity and maneuverability is applied to seismic design of building structures teaching, compared with the traditional real experiments, the paper analyzes the importance and necessity of virtual experiments in this course. After that, taking seismic isolation technology as an example, design ideas about virtual experiments offering reference for others are put forward. Virtual experiment is favorable, it is necessary to make use of virtual experiments in civil engineering teaching and pay attention to interactivity. It should be realized that real experiments are also important because virtual experiments are just supplement to real experiments.

Abstract:In order to solve the divorce between experimental and theoretical teaching in mechanics of materials caused by their different steps, the strategy of introducing material mechanics experiments into classroom was proposed. To this end, a small and lightweight material mechanics testing machine was developed, which is convenient for teachers to bring into the classroom for experiment demonstration, and to synchronize theory with experiment. The control objective of test machine was "small" and "portable", and the combined design was adopted. In addition, the commonly used experimental functions in material mechanics were considered. In the development of testing machine, the basic knowledge of material mechanics needs to fully understand, the principle of mechanical testing needs to know well, and the related knowledge of mechanical engineering, electronics and other interdisciplines are also needed. Therefore, it was a good scientific and technological innovation training project for college students. The participation of students is conducive to deepening the understanding of knowledge, widening the scope of knowledge, and improving innovation and operation ability. The educational reform mode of "introducing experiments into classrooms" with participation of college students can be applied to similar engineering courses.

Abstract:The purpose of fundamentals of architectural design is to inspire beginners' ability to perceive space, understand the relationship between materials and composition, familiar with basic performance tools and build skills. Therefore, in the teaching process, we try to cultivate the analytical design of analytical reconstruction from the abstract form composition training, and initially establish the spatial transformation from 2D to 3D. By setting the site and function, the model is used as the space operation method, and gradually introduced. The design concepts of behavior and use,space form and composition, material and tectonic, learn how to use different proportions of 3D models to guide the conception and participate in the whole process of design and construction, from which to experience the close relationship between morphological composition and spatial structure, and to understand the sense of texture and the relationship between materials, in-depth improvement of detailed nodes and lap joints, winning student entity construction works as an example to explore how to build comprehensive training to build conducive to promote the design of multiple thinking of the basic course teaching practice to make up for the current architectural education in the design and construction of the separation.

Abstract:In order to explore new teaching mode for integrating the theoretical knowledge, practical ability and innovative ability of student, the course of bridge construction road and bridge engineering specialty as the platform, BIM technology to present the fast development and wide application of the reform means, through the integration of the reconstruction of the course content to establish the system of situational teaching that reflects the overall and comprehensive process of bridge construction. Through the application of finite element software, such as BIM software, MIDAS and bridge doctor, the simulation is realized, which enhances the intuition and vividness of classroom teaching, and improves students' ability of software operation and analysis. By introducing the actual project to achieve the docking of teaching and practice, improve the students' practice ability to solve practical problems in the actual project, and ultimately enhance bridge construction course teaching effect, achieve the talent training objectives.

Abstract:By constructing the building design teaching network resource sharing platform, taking the provincial-level excellent course of architectural design scientific research project as an example, combined with the teaching philosophy and architecture education mode, integrating the industry excellent resources, the paper explored the professional education of architecture in the information age. The development direction under the background optimizes the teaching design system of colleges and universities, promotes the reform of the curriculum teaching mode.

Abstract:The department in the university is the vanguard and backbone of the "Double First-rae" construction. The study found that the deans of departments meet the three characteristics of interpersonal role, information role, and decision-making role in the construction by Mintzberg Management Theory. At the same time, there are role dilemmas such as conflict of multiple roles, challenge of leadership role, unknown role cognition, and excessive role burden. In order to better achieve the "Double First-rate" construction goals, we should alleviate predicament of the deans by strengthening role recognition, optimizing the selection process, innovating assessment content, and enhancing role expectations.

Abstract:With the advent of the era of knowledge economy, colleges and universities have became an important driving force for social development and play an irreplaceable role in building regional innovation system. From the perspective of intellectual capital, European scholars divide the "third mission" objective into technology transfer and innovation, continuing education and social participation, and divide it into three aspects:human capital, organizational capital and social capital. Based on the reference of third mission measurement framework to Europe, this paper classifies the value creation processes of social service activities of colleges and universities, to find the preferences of measurement in colleges of our country. Then this paper sets up the social service measurement framework which is suitable for China's policy context, it can better formulate strategic plans for universities.

Abstract:In recent years, under the background of comprehensive economic and social transformation, the adjustment of social interest pattern has led to frequent environmental group events. In the whole process of fermentation, environmental group events not only consume a lot of social public resources, pay high political costs, but also affect social order and threaten the ecological security of our country. This paper makes an in-depth game on the various stakeholders involved in environmental group events, and analyzes the causes of environmental group events, including local government negligence, corporate breach of trust, damage to citizens' interests and new media promotion. Under the background of the new era, it is an important strategy to alleviate the frequent occurrence of environmental group events by implementing the strictest ecological environmental protection system, enhancing the communication power and guiding power of news public opinion, and building the social psychological service system for the whole people.