Abstract:On the base of reviewing and analyzing the relevant literature on the spirit of scientists, this paper summarizes the development trajectory of research on this subject and then provides a detailed interpretation of the key focuses, characteristics, and prominent issues in the current studies. The paper analyses the scientific connotations of the spirit of scientists, the methods and channels for promoting and disseminating this spirit, as well as the assessment of its effectiveness. On this basis, it further investigates the future directions and specific pathways for promoting the spirit of scientists and contributing to the building of a technological powerhouse in the context of advancing comprehensive educational reforms and implementing the integrated development strategy of education, science, and technology.

Abstract:ChatGPT, as a representative product of artificial intelligence, has emerged in the field of higher engineering education. The intelligent technological change has subverted the function of traditional higher engineering education, challenged the current training system of engineering talent structure, accelerated the reform of knowledge production mode, broke the dual teaching/learning structure between teachers and students. Only by taking the initiative can higher engineering education assume the historical responsibility. With four aspects as the core and solving complex engineering problems as the goal, artificial intelligence technology can be used to reshape the new ecology of engineering education: highlighting the hierarchy to optimize the structure of talent training, taking a problem-oriented approach to break the discipline barrier, stimulating internal drive to awaken initiative and critical consciousness, and studying both arts and science to cultivate core values, thus to cultivate top-notch innovative talents who have both virtue and talent, outstanding ability, distinct level and social recognition.

Abstract:With the rapid development of technology, the traditional educational paradigm of higher education institutions is gradually exposing more and more limitations. As a disruptive technology, AI- Generated Content (AIGC) provides new driving force for the transformation of higher education due to its excellent self-renewal ability, creative generation ability, and extraordinary data processing ability. The paper takes the challenges faced by the development of higher education in the era of artificial intelligence as the starting point, deeply explores the new practical approaches provided by AIGC for the transformation of higher education, analyzes the potential risks that may arise from the application of AIGC in higher education, and attempts to propose countermeasures. It is believed that AIGC will ultimately play a key role in shaping the future of higher education, achieving the dual empowerment of technology and education.

Abstract:During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, higher education has entered a new stage of development, and provincial governments, as key players in the construction of higher education, have issued policies to accelerate the construction of higher education. This article constructs a two-dimensional analysis framework based on policy themes and policy tools, and quantitatively analyzes the 14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Education issued by provincial governments in China. Research shows that policy themes cover a comprehensive range, but there are differences in policy supply. Policy tools are used, but there is a lack of scientific interrelationships. The coupling between policy tools and policy themes is relatively low. Future policy adjustments should make up for the shortcomings in policy supply to fully leverage the basic functions of universities, use comprehensive policy tools and optimize the interrelationships between policy tools, and pay attention to the coupling of policy themes and policy tools to stimulate the vitality of university development.

Abstract:The problem of doctoral students’ delayed graduation has been widely concerned by the academic circles and the society. Based on the insiders-outsiders perspective, by attribution analysis， through analysis of the current situation, causes and essence of the delayed completion of doctoral studies in architecture, it is found that whether doctoral students in architecture can graduate on schedule is affected by five dimensions, such as individual, tutor, team, discipline and system. Difficulty in transforming perceptual design thinking into rational logical thinking, imbalance of the dual identity of designers and researchers, the mismatch of the mentoring model with the needs of modern scientific research, the mismatch between knowledge method and evaluation system, and the improper training mechanism and assessment mechanism are the root causes. In order to provide a useful reference for improving the training mode of doctoral students in architecture and reducing the delay rate, this paper puts forward some measures, such as adjusting the basic academic years of doctoral students, implementing a diversified evaluation system, expanding the scale of integrated graduate education, constructing the academic research echelon, optimizing the evaluation system of tutors, and establishing the academic assistance mechanism.

Abstract:In the report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized implementing the fundamental task of moral education. The development of the discipline of engineering education has proposed effective solutions for moral education of engineering majors in higher education institutions in the new era. Through research on engineering education from ancient to modern times, both domestically and internationally, this paper analyzes the problems of moral education in engineering majors from the perspective of contemporary engineering education: weakened moral education function of teachers, neglect of student literacy cultivation, and lack of warmth in teacher-student relationships. The insufficient accumulation of educational theory among engineering teachers is the main reason of these problems. The paper proposes that the cultivation of teachers with dual backgrounds in education and engineering, the reform of teacher education time supply, and the construction of a teacher-student community are effective ways to implement moral education. The research results can provide new insights for moral education in higher engineering education in China in the new era.

Abstract:Based on the continuous development of global education, master’s education in architecture is facing new opportunities and challenges. The globalization of architectural education promotes a new development model for graduate education in architecture to meet the new needs of higher architectural education in the new era. The article compares and analyzes the curriculum settings of master’s degree students in architecture in Chinese and Korean universities through a curriculum map, percentage charts, and T-tests, revealing the differences and innovations in the curriculum settings and talent cultivation of master’s degree students in architecture in Chinese and Korean universities. It proposes a sustainable development concept for the cultivation of master’s degree talents in architecture, to promote the rapid transformation of higher architecture education in the new era, and provide reference and scientific basis for the cultivation of master’s degree talents in architecture in China.

Abstract:Introducing the engineering education professional accreditation idea into the curriculum system of engineering management majors is of great significance to improve the quality of talents cultivation. Taking engineering management majors of Chongqing University as an example, the paper discusses the design ideas and practices of the curriculum system of engineering management majors in the context of engineering education professional accreditation. The training objectives and graduation requirements of the major are established, the mapping relationship between graduation requirements and professional courses is analyzed, and the curriculum system of engineering management major facing engineering education professional accreditation is finally formed.

Abstract:In pace with promoting of the Double First-Class Construction of Chinese Universities, a scientific and complete academic evaluation system is becoming an important influencing factor on the long-term development of academic career. We need to figure out the concept and characteristic of academic evaluation, maintain the independence, objectivity, authority of academic evaluation, keen appreciation of the important implications on enhancing the comprehensive strength of the country by improving academic evaluation system, and face up to the problems such as the insufficiency of attention to disciplinary differences in academic evaluation, implementing of eliminating the five-only, improving of peer assessment. Then we could fulfill eliminating the five-only, strengthen the functions of faculties, optimize talent project system, and respect the disciplinary differences in academic evaluation, combine qualitative and quantitative methods, improve the peer assessment. Finally, we could continuously improve the academic evaluation system of universities, promote the development of academic career, help to enhance the national technological and cultural strength, and lay the foundation of cultural confidence.

Abstract:Emerging engineering education is a new form of engineering education development. Graduate education in urban and rural planning needs to be reformed in response to the strategic choice of emerging engineering education. Certain studies have been carried out to figure out the philosophy and methodology of graduate education in urban and rural planning in the context of emerging engineering education. However, a systematic analysis is lacking. This study conducts a qualitative analysis on the relevant literature by NVivo software. It is found that studies focus on the basic requirements, existing problems and optimization strategies. Among them, the basic requirements and optimization strategies are attached more attention. With the development of emerging engineering education, optimizing the cultivating mode, innovating the teaching system, strengthening the construction of teaching staff and improving the supporting conditions are important for graduate education in urban and rural planning. Future studies can deepen the analysis of the existing problems, strengthen the comparative analysis of different cases and conduct tracking research, so as to improve the scientificity and universality of the research results.

Abstract:Under the background of emerging engineering and innovation in national defense technology， the society has put forward new requirements for the cultivation of talents in national defense science and technology engineering. The previous talent cultivation model for national defense science and technology engineering has problems such as a single professional curriculum system， insufficient practical and innovative abilities of students， and insufficient emphasis on national defense education. In response to the problems， innovative ideas have been proposed： firstly， integrating international thinking， eliminating disciplinary boundaries， and innovating teaching methods to accelerate the national defense oriented updating of teaching content； secondly， stimulating innovation potential and collaborating with military enterprises to cultivate students’ practical abilities in national defense engineering； thirdly， cultivating the roots of patriotism and imparting knowledge of national defense to deepen ideological and political education for the country and the people. The reform of excellent talent training mode for national defense science and technology engineering in the new era is of great significance for promoting modern military technology innovation， cultivating excellent military science and technology talents in all aspects， and strengthening national defense security.

Abstract:At present, higher education reform in China is deepening. Many policies on higher education reform are formulated, which put forward new requirements for curriculum system. In this situation, problems existing in geological engineering curriculum system are analyzed: (1) the ideological and political construction of major courses is imperfect; (2) the cohesive relationship between courses is improper; (3) the curriculum system is lack of flexibility. The optimum design principles of geological engineering curriculum system are established as follows: (1) complying with the basic framework of geological engineering curriculum system; (2) promoting ideological and political education and integrating innovative education into professional education; (3) taking all-round development of students as the fundamental goal, paying attention to cultivation of students’ ability and quality. The basic idea of optimization design of geological engineering curriculum system is put forward: (1) wide caliber and solid foundation, strengthening students’ theoretical basis, and focusing on students’ practical application ability and innovation ability; (2) considering school characteristics, conforming to talent development target, meeting regional economic development needs, and targeting industry requirements; (3) people oriented, ability oriented, meeting students’ growth needs, and keeping up with the frontier of professional science and technology research.

Abstract:How to upgrade the cultivation mode of existing civil engineering majors and form a sustainable supply of intelligent construction talents has become increasingly urgent for universities under the transformation of the construction industry and the development of new engineering. This paper first clarifies the relationship between the new major construction of intelligent construction and the upgrading of existing civil engineering majors. The main challenges faced by upgrading existing civil engineering majors are then identified using the Output Based Education (OBE) method. A basic framework covered from specific courses to the holistic plan is subsequently proposed. This paper further explores the specific measures to upgrade existing civil engineering majors, taking Dalian University of Technology as an example. Practice indicates that clarifying cultivation objectives, reconstructing course content, optimizing knowledge structure, highlighting practical training, improving teaching ability and methods, and innovating management mechanisms are effective for upgrading. The conclusions provide support for upgrading civil engineering majors in other universities and future research in this field.

Abstract:In the context of the transformation, upgrading, and sustainable and healthy development of the construction industry driven by digitization and intelligent upgrading, to cultivate versatile and comprehensive talents under new engineering construction that places greater emphasis on innovative teaching models, this paper explores how to integrate information and digital technology into the ideological and political teaching of the design principles of steel structure course, to implement the fundamental task of cultivating morality and nurturing talents. With Qiantang River Bridge (an early steel structure truss bridge connected by rivets and supervised by Mao Yisheng, former president of Beijing Jiaotong University) as the background, and Mao Yisheng spirit as the soul, Qiantang River Bridge is studied in-class and various structural design competitions are participated in after-class, such as National College Students’ Mao Yisheng Public Welfare Bridge-Small Bridge Project Design Competition, National College Students’ Structural Design Competition, National College Students’ Steel Structure Innovation Competition, and Beijing College Students’ Architectural Structure Design Competition. This not only helps to learn, practice, and inherit Mao Yisheng’s engineering education philosophy and the spirit of patriotism, science, struggle, and dedication, but also constructs an integrated teaching model that integrates learning, production, and research, achieving the penetration and integration of knowledge, ability, and value. In the research and practice of ideological and political education in courses, a closed-loop connotation ideological and political education system has been constructed, and a set of immersive practical models of ideological and political education in courses have been condensed, to final achieve the overall goal of mastering knowledge, cultivating abilities, training thinking, and shaping value. The research results of comprehensive scientific evaluation and continuous improvement model, the integration of information technology into classroom teaching and the measures of teaching ability improvement can provide references for the reform of ideological and political teaching model of similar courses.

Abstract:The problems existing in professional practice teaching of engineering graduate students are analyzed on coaching ability, teaching planning and teaching monitoring. The important position and role of tutors in professional practice teaching is pointed out, and the methods to improving the quality of professional practice teaching are put forward: tutors strive to build themselves and improve their guiding ability; systematically planning the training process of graduate students to improve the degree of association between professional practice and other training links; actively seek cooperation between schools and enterprises and improve the cooperation between tutors and students inside and outside school; taking five-education throughout the whole process of professional practice to improve the comprehensiveness of professional practice education; reform the professional practice evaluation method to improve the promotion effect of evaluation on the professional practice teaching quality.

Abstract:In the conventional five-year undergraduate architectural design teaching system, the second-year design teaching can be regarded as an introductory course for formally entering the training of architectural design methods, and the curriculum design goals at this stage are reflected in two levels, to guide students to understand the basic design logic and to master the rational design methods. Based on analyzing the problems of teaching methods that affect the training effect, such as the lack of teachability and orientation in conventional introductory courses, the second-grade teaching team of the School of Architecture in South China University of Technology proposes a decomposition introductory teaching concept for the above problems, and summarizes two aspects of design training innovation model as thematic teaching content decomposition and advanced guidance process decomposition. Taking the behavior and space topic of the course as an example, it summarizes the specific operation method of the decomposition teaching mode.

Abstract:Online and offline mixed teaching activities provide important thought for efficient teaching and study of professional courses under public emergency conditions. Considering the integration path of college education and online teaching, aimed to the online process of professional courses for geotechnical engineering, some problems are researched, such as the significant differences in shared teaching resources, single teaching process, consumption of dissolution and reconstruction of teacher-student relationship, and mismatch of teaching hardware. Thus, corresponding teaching design has been proposed related to the systematical online teaching process, optimization of teaching content keeping pace with the times, diversification of teaching mode, multiple arrangement of student assignments, and process-oriented implementation of examinations, to realize the diversified operation of online teaching mode, improve students’ autonomous learning ability, establish diversified examination and assessment methods, and promote the effect of online teaching. All the above achievements can be significant guidance for universities’ large-scale open teaching activities under the public emergency conditions.

Abstract:With the rapid development of architecture, the changing social environment and the emergence of new architectural technologies and forms, the teaching methods of foreign architectural history should also be continuously reformed and updated to provide students with better learning experience. At present, with the development of information technology, the society has entered the post-figurative era, and the way to acquire knowledge has become faster and faster. The teacher’s role is not only a transmitter of knowledge, but also a guide and organizer in the classroom. How to build a student-centered classroom is more worthy of discussion. At the same time, teaching ideas and teaching methods should keep pace with the times to adapt to the new trend of society. Information age, online and offline mixed teaching methods are adopted to give full play to the positive role of the two different teaching methods. Through the extended review after class, students can obtain solid basic ability from the classroom, apply what they have learned, so as to achieve the deep-seated teaching purpose of foreign architectural history.

Abstract:Classroom teaching of graduate student has an important role in the graduate training system. Our research question is how to conduct project-based teaching in graduate classroom teaching scientifically and systematically. This paper uses CiteSpace to review project-based teaching literature and finds that current literature at the higher education level is relatively less and there are few theoretical explorations on how to systematically carry out project-based teaching. This paper puts forward a theoretical framework of two levels-eight elements project-based teaching, applies it to the teaching practice of the enterprise strategic management course, and obtains good results. We hope this study will beneficially complement the existing literature and encourage further discussions.

Abstract:As a comprehensive required course for transportation civil engineering majors, the construction technology course plays a role in connecting the past and the future in the whole training system. Through the study of this course, students can not only master the technology, method and technical knowledge of engineering construction, but also cultivate the cognitive ability of construction organization and management. Taking the railway engineering major at East China Jiaotong University as an example, the shortcomings of traditional construction technology course teaching are analyzed, and the project-based + modularization teaching mode is proposed to reform the teaching content, method and evaluation, so as to stimulate the interest of students in learning, improve their language skills, communication skills and teamwork ability, and ensure a high-quality course construction effect.

Abstract:As an important heritage of human civilization, classical gardens attach importance to the construction of artistic conception and perceptual experience. The study of classical gardens through spatial translation is helpful to trigger spatial speculation. In the digital age, the translation design of classical gardens is facing new challenges. The teaching contents and teaching organization need to be updated. Firstly, multi-dimensional spatial cognitive path can be built. The experience and perception can be strengthened by using network platform, aerial photographing and mapping, and XR technology. Secondly, it will break down barriers such as online-offline, centralized instructions-individual guidance, giving full play to the advantages of multiple information channels, and guiding independent learning and innovation. Finally, the modular teaching organization is used to improve the adaptability and controllability of teaching，which consists 6 teaching modules, 5 teaching methods, 4 theme lectures and 3 communication links.

Abstract:In recent years, ideological and political education based on curriculum (IPEC) has been highly valued by universities and has become a research hotspot in the field of professional talent cultivation and ideological and political education. Research literature on IPEC in universities has shown a rapid growth trend. Therefore, a systematic summary and review of the current situation of IPEC in higher education is conducive to better carrying out relevant research and practical work in the future. Based on the 1860 high-quality literatures on IPEC in higher education published in the Chinese core journal database and CSSCI database from 2017 to 2022 as the research samples, this paper provides a systematic review of the current research status about IPEC in higher education by using the bibliometric method and visual literature analysis software CiteSpace. It analyzes the research trends of IPEC in higher education from the perspectives of research literature, research institutions, and research authors. And it summarizes the hot topics of IPEC in higher education through the clustering analysis of keyword co-occurrence networks, secondary reading and systematic sorting of representative literature. In addition, it identifies the evolution of the research about IPEC in higher education by analyzing the timeline graph of keywords. The results show that current research on IPEC in higher education is highly concerned and widely participated by college teachers and educators; hot topics mainly involve six aspects: essential connotation, construction practice, element integration, teaching design, teaching ability and effect evaluation; the evolution of related research can be divided into three stages: budding exploration (2017—2018), rapid development (2019—2020) and steady development (2021—2022). Finally, based on the current research progress and reform trends of IPEC, and in combination with the policy trends of the education regulatory department， the research trends of IPEC in higher education are prospected.

Abstract:China has become a major country in graduate education, and graduate education shoulders the important mission of high-level talent training and innovation in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. As a compulsory course for graduate students, the course of scientific research methods and thesis writing not only undertakes the teaching task of academic thesis skills training, but also undertakes the responsibility of education and guidance of academic norms and standards. The ideological and political education reform of the course is conducive to the cultivation of high-level talents. Taking the compulsory course scientific research methods and thesis writing for engineering graduate students of Soochow University as an example, this paper deeply excavates the ideological and political education resources, fully integrates the ideological and political elements into the teaching of the course, and builds a curriculum ideological and political education integration model, which is based on moral cultivation and honesty in academic research, guided by national feelings and academic research for serving the country, driven by scientific soul and academic research spirit, and aimed at diversified thinking integration and academic research focusing on practice. The research expects to play an positive role in cultivating innovative talents who will shoulder the great responsibility of national rejuvenation in the new era.