Abstract:The integration of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is redefining teaching and learning in the field of education. Since the release of ChatGPT by OpenAI, GAI technologies have rapidly evolved, expanding from text generation to more complex reasoning and creative tasks. DeepSeek, developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek Technology, further advances educational applications of GAI by optimizing reasoning processes, enhancing computational efficiency, and enabling personalized learning paths. These developments have challenged the limitations of traditional education and accelerated the shift from knowledge transmission to skill cultivation, and from standardized instruction to personalized learning. DeepSeek not only drives innovation in educational content and methods but also contributes to greater equity and individualized instruction. However, the rapid advancement of GAI introduces risks, including concerns over knowledge accuracy, implicit bias, data privacy, and students’ autonomous learning abilities. This paper explores the potential and challenges of DeepSeek in educational transformation, analyzes its strengths and risks in reshaping educational philosophy and teaching models, and proposes corresponding strategies. Collaboration among educational institutions, educators, and technology providers is essential to ensure that AI supports digital transformation while preserving humanistic values and educational goals, fostering future citizens with creativity, critical thinking, and a sense of social responsibility.

Abstract:Smart education, as the advanced stage of educational informatization, is becoming an important direction of global educational reform.This paper analyzes the current situation of China’s education informatization level and the development of smart education, and expounds the problems and challenges in the integration of software and hardware, platform resource sharing, teacher informatization training system, and regulations and systems for educational data security in promoting smart education reform in colleges and universities. It proposes five measures to promote the high-quality development of smart education: establishing national standards for the integration of smart education hardware and software to improve equipment utilization, constructing a co-construction and sharing mechanism for smart education resources to reduce platform resources duplication, carrying out research on smart education methods and theories to promote the innovation of smart teaching models, improving the teacher capability development system and perfecting the smart education guarantee mechanism, formulating education data security protection specifications and establishing a full-process supervision system to prevent smart education risks.

Abstract:The strategy of innovation-driven development, revitalizing the province through science and education, and empowering the province with talents has promoted the modernization of higher education with scientific layout, high-quality development, and significant results, but there is still a lot of room for development. Higher education in Henan is to innovate independently and shape the new generation of the times. Firstly, it needs to be rooted in the local area and showcase Henan’s characteristics. Secondly, it is necessary to face the future with digital intelligence + education as the innovative concept, the high-quality development of technology-enabled education as the value connotation, and fully utilize the integration of modern digital technology and smart education output to build a digital community of higher education with local characteristics. It is aimed to assist Henan universities in the new round of national and provincial double first-class construction, and formulate strategic plans for the innovation in science and education and the sustainable development of new-quality productivity in education with epochal significance.

Abstract:The rapid development of AI has driven the innovation of teaching concepts and methods. This paper focuses on the application of AI in the teaching of civil engineering construction within the civil engineering discipline. Students are required to use an AI + literature query model to complete assignments as part of the course. Through five progressive assignments, classroom guidance, and the collection of student feedback, it is found that the AI + literature query model can enhance students’ learning efficiency, strengthen their conceptual understanding, and alter their learning methods and habits. AI demonstrates limitations in professional terminology accuracy and logical rigor, which must be complemented by literature query and teacher guidance. In addition, differences in students’ learning initiative and comprehension ability affect the operation effect of the model. Comprehensive teaching results show that under the targeted guidance of teachers, this model can effectively improve the teaching quality.

Abstract:As a group learning model characterized by project-driven, learning by doing, project-based learning has been widely applied in many universities. In order to explore the formation mechanism of project-based learning, this paper establishes three types of whole networks of daily communication, traditional classroom learning and project-based learning for college students from the perspective of students’ communication. Social network analysis illustrates that traditional classroom learning network and project-based learning network are mainly divided according to class borders, and the daily communication network has broken through the boundaries of administrative classes. The three types of networks have some similarities in structure, but the daily communication network has higher concentration and centrality. In traditional classroom learning network and project-based learning network, the membership overlap is more common, and most of the members are excellent students. Daily communication network has more small circles. Most nodes in traditional classroom learning and project-based learning network are interactively connected. The regression results show that daily communication network and traditional classroom learning network have positive and significant impact on project-based learning. In order to promote project-based learning, suggestions are put forward including encouraging students to increase communication in their daily study and life, allocating excellent students and active students in project-based learning, motivating more excellent students to join in, and appropriately allocating some opposite-sex members to the team.

Abstract:Young teachers are one of the core forces of scientific research and teaching in colleges and universities, and how to quickly adapt and integrate into the professional teaching process has become one of the urgent problems in the construction of faculty teams in domestic engineering colleges and universities in the face of the current scientific research-led evaluation mechanism. In the face of the transformation of contemporary talent training mode and teaching method, this paper first analyzes the dilemmas and challenges faced by young teachers by taking the design teaching of architecture as the starting point. Then, based on the perspective of teaching and scientific research feeding each other, the following integration paths of scientific research and design teaching are constructed from the perspective of young teachers: the cultivation of design innovation ability based on architectural ontology; the construction of a knowledge system based on cutting-edge topics; curriculum lesson plan design based on the integration of theory, practice and teaching; teaching team building based on the model of teaching and mentoring. The purpose is to promote young teachers to strengthen the integration of scientific research and teaching based on the ontology of architecture, so that they can better integrate into design teaching.

Abstract:Immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology offers new possibilities for architecture teaching scenarios as well as empirical research in emerging design science. In the context of disciplinary transformation and technological development, this study analyzes the IVR-related courses offered by architecture schools at home and abroad, and concludes that the complete course system utilizing VR is divided into four categories presenting a pyramidal structure of technical difficulty from low to high, with higher-order results being applied in lower-order courses. Its application in architectural teaching can be divided into two categories: design teaching and non-design teaching. For design teaching, VR can make students check spatial relationships and experience from the first perspective and understand spatial design problems. In non-design teaching, shifting to interactive teaching through IVR technology can help students to establish intuitive cognition with lower acquisition cost and clearer learning process, and enable learners to practice in a safe and accessible environment. However, IVR technology has not yet enabled students to achieve better performance in assessment tests. This study finally takes the design and realization of the panoramic simulation laboratory of Tsinghua University’s Urban Human Factors Laboratory as an example, applies the research results and combines them with the needs to put forward the problems facing the current laboratory development, i.e., for the dual change of the teaching methods and content of architecture education triggered by IVR, the change of the teaching content is the most important issue to be explored by domestic colleges and universities at present.

Abstract:As a revolution of education quality based on engineering education, new engineering has achieved substantial progress in theoretical research and practice in universities, but there are still some problems, such as the difference of education mode is not obvious, the advantages are not concentrated and not prominent, the cross integration is not deep enough, the extension and expansion of disciplines need to be improved, the transformation and upgrading are conventional, and there is a lack of cross cutting and breakthrough measures. Based on the development trend of science and technology at home and abroad and the practice of engineering education, it is necessary to improve the system from the following aspects: to emphasize the characteristics, to make clear the outcome-based training target mechanism; to improve the compatibility, to build a comprehensive system standard and system scheme; to break through the keys from assessment and evaluation, so as to make the new engineering construction match the needs of national transformation and economic and social development.

Abstract:In response to the problems faced in the cultivation of civil engineering talents, such as low student interest, insufficient professional confidence, lack of career ideals, serious homogenization of talent development, and a shortage of teachers for training talents in the Four Modernizations of the construction industry, Dongguan University of Technology has implemented reforms and innovations in three areas: ideological and political education in professional courses, specialized ability development, and teacher team empowerment. A distinctive talent cultivation model of civil engineering + new quality productivity for local applied universities has constructed. Through the collaboration of the three chains, the integration of the three forces, and the promotion of the three models, it has built a multidimensional ideological and political education system for professional courses, which has significantly enhanced students’ professional confidence and learning interest, while also inspiring their career ideals. By creating an emergency management innovation class, offering modular elective course clusters, establishing a course–school–province–nation competition system, and promoting the integration of science, industry, and education, it has empowered undergraduates with specialized knowledge and skills in intelligent disaster prevention and emergency response, building industrialization/digitalization/greening/sustainable operation and maintenance. By adopting a dual approach of internal training and external recruitment, combining full-time and part-time faculty, it has built a high-level teacher team for cultivating civil engineering + new quality productivity talents.

Abstract:The intelligent construction major is a new engineering discipline that addresses national strategic needs and transformation of engineering construction industry. It is based on civil engineering and integrates disciplines such as information and computing science, mechanical design and automation, and control science and engineering, with significant interdisciplinary features. This paper analyzes the development background of the intelligent construction major and the current status of undergraduate program construction and talent cultivation. Taking the intelligent construction undergraduate program at Shijiazhuang Tiedao University as an example, from the perspectives of training objectives, curriculum framework, and practical innovation, this paper focuses on construction of talent cultivation plan that combines knowledge system and practical innovation model, providing valuable references for construction of similar majors in other universities and related research.

Abstract:Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, there are new missions and requirements for talent cultivation in the fields of architecture and energy, and the curriculum system provides paths and tools for achieving the goals of talent cultivation. It is an urgent task to construct an undergraduate curriculum system of three parts, six levels, spiral progression and two-way interaction based on the industry-university-research integration platform, emphasizing the feedback effect of practical teaching on curriculum knowledge. This paper explores the research directions of professional courses, forms of centralized practice and theoretical courses. Practice has proven that the teaching research and reform is promoted, and the construction path of the curriculum system to actively adapt to the development of the industry and the deep integration of schools and enterprises to meet local needs is effective. Considering the three indicators of systematicness, hierarchy and innovation, the design and optimization method of the curriculum teaching system structure meets the design requirements of curriculum system of applied undergraduate colleges.

Abstract:The urban history courses contain a lot of detailed knowledge within a huge spatial and temporal span, thus relying on the chronicle-based structure of the current textbook alone is not enough to enable students to form a systematic knowledge system, grasp the development of urban history deeply, and connect historical knowledge with current design needs. To address these issues, this paper proposes to develop a knowledge system for urban history courses. With reference to the system framework of the textbook A History of Chinese Architecture, which takes chronicles and building function types as its two axes, this paper proposes to add an axis of city types in the teaching structure of urban history, classifying and comparing cities of different eras and regions. This paper then analyzes the characteristics of various city types in important urban studies at home and abroad, as well as the methods of integrating them into the knowledge system. These city types include the types of cities based on time, morphology, geography, population size and function. Various city types should be integrated according to their respective characteristics to form a city type knowledge system that takes into account the advantages of each. The type based on time is the basis of the knowledge system. The types based on morphology and geography are suitable as the axes of the knowledge system. The type based on population size is suitable for the introduction of the course. And the type of function is suitable to be applied in case-based teaching of specific cities. The application of this knowledge system in the teaching practice of urban history courses has achieved preliminary results.

Abstract:Against the backdrop of deepening smart education development, the teaching of landscapearchitecture faces a systemic restructuring imperative. Focusing on the experimental courses in planning and design at Hubei University of Technology, this study addresses issues such as weak technology integration and monotonous learning experiences in traditional teaching models. Through field research and case analysis, leveraging the conceptual framework and technological ecosystem of smart education (e.g., virtual simulation, data-driven decision-making), we reconstruct a dynamic closed-loop experimental teaching system encompassing teaching-learning-assessment from four dimensions: teaching objectives, content structure, instructional methods, and evaluation mechanisms. The results demonstrate that by deeply integrating smart education resources, this system not only enhances students’ mastery of complex design techniques and creates immersive, personalized learning pathways but also refines teaching management. This research provides a systematic solution for implementing smart education in landscape architecture practical teaching and offers empirical insights for transforming talent cultivation models under the emerging engineering education paradigm.

Abstract:Fluid network for transportation and distribution is a core course of building environment and facilities engineering. It is a technical basic course for engineering students to learn and master the basic knowledge and design methods in the process of various fluid transmission and distribution. Taking the opportunity to further deepen the undergraduate teaching reform and connotation construction of Dalian University of Technology, and comprehensively improving the quality of talent training, the course resource platform is reformed in view of the deficiencies in the fluid network for transportation and distribution course. In combination with the construction experience of the first batch of national first-class courses, taking students as the center, advocating learning by doing through task-oriented approaches, learning by discussing basic knowledge, and learning by analyzing engineering cases, a virtual-actual interactive teaching method is proposed, and an entity platform of complex fluid network is constructed. At the same time, the corresponding simulation platform is customized, and a virtual-actual interactive platform of simulation, regulation and data collection is established. Online teaching completes the customization of data model and some simulation modules. Offline, combined with the engineering test-bed, the virtual-real process of self-built platform and regulation is actually completed, and a teaching platform integrating algorithms, software simulation and engineering test is built. Students’ interest in active learning is stimulated, their subjective initiative in learning is mobilized, their innovative thinking is developed, and their innovation and practical abilities are cultivated. We practice scientific research to feed teaching, transform scientific research results into teaching content, and refine the main points of the course from actual engineering and scientific research problems, which strengthens the breadth and depth of the course content. It help students establish the concept of pipe network system with a certain degree of complexity, which is challenging and exercises students’ self-learning and cooperation abilities. The teaching design promotes the deep integration of modern information technology with education and teaching, continuously improves the reform of teaching quality monitoring and guarantee system, and improves the construction of practical teaching system.

Abstract:In the context of urban development transitioning from incremental expansion to stock renewal, architectural education urgently requires the establishment of a teaching paradigm oriented toward urban regeneration. This study employs a set of outcomes from the joint graduation design of four schools as a research sample, dissecting the imaging city conceptual framework and methodological system based on iconographic algorithms. A three-tiered analytical framework is constructed, comprising urban cognition, imaging model construction and renewal strategy generation. Focusing on Xicang block, the research integrates multi-source data to construct an imaging city model, proposing a trinity of territorial continuity strategies encompassing cultural gene decoding, business vitality reconfiguration and residential space adaptability. At the operational level, the multiply algorithm is applied to evaluate design interventions, effectively activating spatial vitality within Xicang district. The study further argues that architectural education in the digital information era must transcend the constraints of traditional vocational orientation, establishing a cultivation model that integrates rational analysis with perceptual cognition. Emphasizing that architects, as place-based actors in urban renewal, should comprehend urban everydayness from authentic lived perspectives, they must reconcile the complexities and contradictions of urban space through design interventions. Consequently, the conventional teaching philosophy centered on training professional architects requires revision, shifting from singular skill training to cross-disciplinary, comprehensive quality cultivation. This research contributes methodological innovations to architectural disciplines to address urban renewal transformations, offering significant implications for redefining architects’ professional roles and facilitating pedagogical system transitions.

Abstract:As an essential indicator of teaching effect evaluation, test scores can reasonably reflect the ability level of the examinees. However, the paper scores in the traditional sense cannot fully reflect the relationship between the test scores and the ability level of the examinees. Therefore, this paper proposes a test score calculation method that adjusts the test scores according to the difficulty of the test questions and analyzes its specific application by taking the civil engineering course architectural structure design as an example. The results show that the value of the objective difficulty coefficient of the test questions has little influence on the high-score section of the test paper but has a significant influence on the low-score section; The maximum absolute value of the score change rate is between the lowest score and the highest score, which is biased toward the lowest score side. The closer the score is to the highest or lowest score, the less it will be affected. When the objective difficulty coefficient is taken as 0, the score change rate is between - 55.4% to - 15.0%; When it is taken as 0.5, the rate is between - 11.7% to - 3.9%; When it is taken as 0.7, the rate is between - 5.7% to 2.5%. The smaller the objective difficulty coefficient is, the greater the deviation between the calculated score and the paper score. The more dispersed the score is, the greater the difference between the test paper difficulty coefficients of different teaching classes is, and the more significant the difference between the scores calculated by the teaching class alone and by the combined calculation of multiple classes is. When the objective difficulty coefficient is 0.5, the deviation between the scores calculated by the teaching class alone and by the combined calculation of multiple classes is within - 10% to + 3%, and when it is 0.7, the deviation is within - 4% to + 3%. The test score calculation method considering the difficulty of the test questions can reasonably reflect the relationship between the scores and the ability level of the examinees. The objective difficulty coefficient is recommended to be 0.5 to 0.7. When there are multiple teaching classes in the same civil engineering professional course, when the objective difficulty coefficient is not greater than 0.6, it is recommended that multiple classes be calculated together. Each teaching class can be calculated separately when it is greater than 0.6.

Abstract:With the gradual integration of traditional construction and modern information technology, the construction industry is gradually transforming towards intelligent construction featuring visualization, industrialization, and informatization. It has become an important development direction of colleges and universities to carry out professional construction and teaching reform. The traditional structural design principle course has some problems, such as planarization of space structure, single teaching method, insufficient digitization, informatization, and intelligence in the structural analysis process, and inadequate utilization of information and software resources. This paper systematically analyzes the development process of intelligent construction technology. Taking Zhejiang University as an example, based on the technical standards of the construction of new engineering specialty, a new teaching scheme of structural design principle course is put forward from the perspective of curriculum system, teaching method, teaching platform and case analysis. A new educational path of intelligent construction specialty is explored, providing reference for the construction of intelligent construction specialty in other universities.

Abstract:From a global perspective, combined with the characteristics of the School of Architecture and Civil Engineering at Shenyang University of Technology, this paper proposes a 1-2-3-6 model characterized by input–output–co‐construction and based on comprehensively improving students’ international innovation ability. The model is namely one goal, two levels, three capabilities and six guarantees. One goal is to cultivate international innovative talents, two levels are internationalization conditions and internationalization literacy which support the goal, three capabilities are international consciousness, international ability, international vision, and six guarantees refer to measures taken in aspects such as training mechanisms, teaching staff, platforms, and practices. Through the construction and research of the talent training system for civil engineering and architecture, this paper accumulates and summarizes the way of running an international school suitable for the development of universities, and provides references for the international development of universities.

Abstract:Generative artificial intelligence brings important opportunities for the reform and innovation of ideological and political education in universities. The situational teaching of ideological and political courses in universities is rooted in the theory of situational cognition, emphasizing the situational, embodied, and interactive nature of learning. It has important value in enhancing teaching affinity, promoting deep thinking, and emotional resonance. Generative artificial intelligence can empower the situational teaching of ideological and political courses through four mechanisms: optimizing the creation of teaching contexts, enhancing human-computer interaction experiences, promoting teaching mode changes, and assisting in the construction of learning communities. It effectively reshapes the teaching scenarios, experiential environments, and interactive contexts of ideological and political courses. In order to better utilize generative artificial intelligence to empower the situational teaching of ideological and political courses, it is necessary to optimize the teaching situation and promote the deep reconstruction of the teaching field, emphasize human-computer interaction and enhance students’ understanding and identification, build intelligent scenarios to improve the effectiveness of teaching models in nurturing students, and assist in co-creating and build a collaborative learning community.

Abstract:Local universities are important component of China’s higher education system. The scientific and reasonable formulation of development goals and positioning is of great significance for the high-quality development of local universities. It is necessary to consider both macro environment and policies, as well as micro conditions and foundations, Aiming at the target positioning, with the construction of characteristic disciplines and professional chains as the core, the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents as the breakthrough point, serving local area as the starting point, international education as the support, cultural construction as the guide, we should refine and decompose strategic goals, implement action plans, and promote the high-quality development of local universities.

Abstract:This study analyzed ideological and political education in road, bridge and river-crossing engineering courses from the student perspective: assessing recognition, influencing factors, impact degree, and satisfaction, to provide a theoretical basis for improving the effectiveness of ideological and political education in the curriculum. It employed a self-designed survey questionnaire and collected 215 valid responses. The survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, correlation coefficient, and linear regression models. The results of descriptive statistical analysis indicate that 43.27% of the surveyed participants have a clear understanding of the specific meaning of ideological and political education in the curriculum. The average score for the degree of influence is 3.111, and the satisfaction rating averages 3.805. The results of independent samples t-test indicate that gender, whether having served as a student cadre, and course classification have no statistically significant impact on the degree of ideological and political influence and teaching effectiveness evaluation. The results of correlation analysis and linear regression indicate that the content and application of ideological and political elements, as well as the organization and design of teacher instruction, are the main factors contributing to a positive and beneficial impact of ideological and political education on students in the curriculum (P < 0.05). The surveyed participants identifies the selection and application of ideological and political content as the primary factors influencing teaching effectiveness. Current affairs, national culture, and content related to their profession are the main ideological elements that students expect. And quotations and short videos are the preferred presentation forms for ideological elements, according to student expectations.

Abstract:Based on the contemporary teaching background， underground engineering construction course is taken as an example to emphasize the impact of teaching methods on teaching effectiveness and the importance of incorporating ideological and political elements into professional courses. Through specific cases， it elucidates the process of comprehensively integrating the concept， purpose， teaching methods， and techniques of ideological and political education into teaching， as well as the method of combining theoretical knowledge education with value guidance. It also points out the existing problems in engineering courses， such as relatively traditional teaching methods and monotonous teaching content， and proposes corresponding improvement measures. By studying the model of ideological and political education， optimizing teaching methods， and achieving the educational model of collaborative training with multiple resources， the article aims to enhance teaching effectiveness， improve students’ ideological and political levels， and promote the development of professional ideological and political courses.

Abstract:Soil mechanics and foundation is a typical civil engineering course containing rich ideological and political elements, and the exploration of the ideological and political elements contained in it is a strong support for the realization of all staff, whole course and all-round education. Combining with the Guidelines for Ideological and Political Construction of Curriculum in Colleges and Universities, the ideological and political elements in the curriculum are summarized into three parts: patriotism, traditional culture and scientific innovation. Through celebrity stories and typical engineering cases, the specific embodiment of relevant ideological and political elements in the course is demonstrated. Centering on the theory, experiment and engineering application of soil shear strength, the ideological and political teaching examples of the course are designed, achieving an organic integration of professional knowledge and ideological and political education. This teaching model not only improves teaching effectiveness but also cultivates students’ patriotic feelings, scientific spirit, and innovative spirit, laying a solid foundation for their all-round development.